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Etimologji - Shenime XII
cognate ger. sinnenverwandte
wax angl. = ger. wachsen shih dhe http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=wax+wachsen&aq=f&oq=
Etimologji: angl. hollow (nga Etimologjia e Monarko - Fashistve)
Le te shohim tani anglishten hollow:
hollow
O.E. holh (n.) "hollow place, hole, " from P.Gmc. *holhwo-, related to hol "hole" (see hole). The noun sense of "lowland, valley, basin" is 1553. The verb is from M.E. holowen. The figurative sense of "insincere" is attested from 1529. To carry it hollow "take it completely" is first recorded 1668, of unknown origin or connection.
http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=hollow&searchmode=none
Edhe ketu s'merret mundimi te krahasohet anglishtja hollow me gjermanishten hohl. Paturpsia e Etimologjis Monarko - Fashiste nuk njeh kufi. shih emailin e dt. 13/04/09
Etimologji: angl. callow (nga Etimologjia e Monarko - Fashistve)
Le te shohim tani anglishten callow:
O.E. calu "bare, bald, " prob. from W.Gmc. *kalwaz, perhaps from L. or Celt. From young birds with no feathers, meaning extended to any young inexperienced thing or creature (1580).
http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=callow&searchmode=none
Edhe ketu s'merret mundimi te krahasohet anglishtja callow me gjermanishten kahl. Paturpsia e Etimologjis Monarko - Fashiste nuk njeh kufi. shih emailin e dt. 13/04/09
Etimologji: angl. marrow (nga Etimologjia e Monarko - Fashistve)
Le te shohim tani anglishten marrow:
marrow
O.E. mearg "marrow, " earlier mrh, from P.Gmc. *mazga- (cf. O.N. mergr, Du. merg, Ger. Marh "marrow"), from PIE *mozgho- "marrow, brains" (cf. Skt. majjan-, Avestan mazga- "marrow, " O.C.S. mozgu, Lith. smagenes "brain"). Fig. sense of "inmost or central part" is attested from c.1400.
http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=marrow&searchmode=none
Ketu kemi kulmin e poshtrsis. Per te mos br lidhjen mes etimologjis se anglishtes marrow dhe gjermanishtes Mark, sht shkruar gabim fjala gjermane, nga Mark sht br Marh! shih emailin e dt. 13/04/09
Etimologji: angl. mallow (nga Etimologjia e Monarko - Fashistve)
Le te shohim tani anglishten mallow:
mallow
O.E. malwe, from L. malva, from a pre-L. Mediterranean language, the same word that yielded Gk. malakhe "mallow."
http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=mallow&searchmode=none
Edhe ketu nuk prmendet lidhja e angl. mallow me gjermanishten Malve, megjithse krahasimi me pare duhesh br me gjermanishten e me pas me greqishten malakhe. shih emailin e dt. 13/04/09
Etimologji: angl. cow (nga Etimologjia e Monarko - Fashistve)
Le te shohim tani anglishten cow:
cow
O.E. cu, from P.Gmc. *kwon, earlier *kwom, from PIE *gwous (cf. Skt. gaus, Gk. bous, L. bov-), perhaps ult. imitative of lowing (cf. Sumerian gu, Chinese ngu, ngo "ox"). In Gmc., of females only; in other languages, of either gender. Cowhand is first attested 1852 in Amer.Eng.; cowboy is from 1725, originally "a boy who tends cows;" Western U.S. sense from 1849, as an adj. meaning "reckless, " 1920s; cowlick is from 1598. Cowpoke (1881) was originally restricted to the cowboys who prodded cattle onto railroad cars with long poles.
http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=cow&searchmode=none
Edhe ketu nuk prmendet lidhja e angl. cow me gjermanishten Kuh, megjithse krahasimi me pare duhesh br mes anglishtes cow me gjermanishten Kuh, e me pas me sumerishten, gjuhn kineze, greqishten. shih emailin e dt. 13/04/09
Etimologji: angl. borrow (nga Etimologjia e Monarko - Fashistve)
Le te shohim tani anglishten borrow:
O.E. borgian "to lend, " from P.Gmc. *borg "pledge, " sense shifting in O.E. apparently on the sense of collateral deposited as security for something borrowed.
http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=borrow&searchmode=none
Edhe ketu nuk prmendet lidhja e angl. borrow me gjermanishten borgen, kur kto shnime etimologjike ne fjalor nuk jan shnime per Mjeshtra qe dine te fshehin te vrtetn, por per angleze, gjermane e te tjer qe duan te msojn origjinn e fjalve te gjuhve evropiane dhe me gjr. shih emailin e dt. 13/04/09
Etimologji: angl. barrow (nga Etimologjia e Monarko - Fashistve)
Le te shohim tani anglishten barrow:
barrow
"vehicle for carrying a load, " c.1300, barewe, probably from an unrecorded O.E. *bearwe "basket, barrow, " from beran "to bear, to carry."
http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=barrow&searchmode=none
Prsri ketu nuk prmendet lidhja e angl. barrow me gjermanishten Bahre, megjithse anglishtja sht gjuhe gjermanike. shih emailin e dt. 13/04/09
Etimologji: angl. plow (nga Etimologjia e Monarko - Fashistve)
Le te shohim tani anglishten plow:
plow
O.E. plog, ploh "plow, plowland (a measure of land), " possibly from Scand. (cf. O.N. plogr "plow"), from P.Gmc. *plogo- (cf. O.Fris. ploch, M.L.G. ploch, M.Du. ploech, O.H.G. pfluog). O.C.S. plugu, Lith. plugas "plow" are Germanic loan-words, as is probably L. plovus, plovum "plow, " a word said by Pliny to be of Rhaetian origin. Replaced O.E. sulh, cognate with L. sulcus "furrow." As a name for the Big Dipper, it is recorded from 1513. The verb is first recorded c.1420. Plowshare is first recorded c.1380.
http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=plow&searchmode=none
Edhe te etimologjia e angl. plow nuk kemi prsri asnj prmendje te gjermanishtes pflgen, ku f-ja sht shtuar si ne shum fjale te tjera gjermane per te krijuar fjale pseudo-origjinale. Krahasoni:
angl. plow dhe ger. pflgen < plgen*
me
fr. plante > ger. Pflanze
it. porta, fr. porte, shqip port > ger. Pforte
angl. path > ger. Pfad
gr. > ger. Kraft
Shihni per kete emailin tone te dates 13 nntor 2008. shih emailin e dt. 13/04/09
Etimologji: angl. shadow (nga Etimologjia e Monarko - Fashistve)
Le te shohim tani anglishten shadow:
shadow
late O.E. sceadwian "to protect as with covering wings" (cf. also overshadow), from the root of shadow (n.). Meaning "to follow like a shadow" is from 1602 in an isolated instance; not attested again until 1872.
http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=shadow&searchmode=none
Tek etimologjia e angl. shadow nuk kemi prsri asnj prmendje te gjermanishtes beschatten. Kshtu, ne shtojm rastet e etimologjive te zrave te leksikut te anglishtes, qe etimologjia monarko - fashiste paturpsisht ka ln ne hije. Kto raste shpjegojn dhe neglizhencn' e etimologjive si anglishtja glow.
shih emailin e dt. 13/04/09
Etimologji: angl. glow (nga Etimologjia e Monarko - Fashistve)
Le te shohim tani anglishten glow:
glow
O.E. glowan "to shine as if red-hot, " from P.Gmc. base *glo- (cf. O.S. gloian, O.N. gloa, O.H.G. gluoen, Ger. glhen "to glow"), from PIE *ghlo-. First record of glow-worm is from c.1320.
http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=glow&searchmode=none
Ketu, me ne fund kemi nj trheqje vmendje per te krahasuar angl. glow me ger. glhen, por nuk shpjegohet aspak lidhja e tyre etimologjike.
Vazhdojm t'ju japim shembuj per etimologjin monarko - fashiste.
shih emailin e dt. 13/04/09
Etimologji: angl. flow (nga Etimologjia e Monarko - Fashistve)
Le te shohim tani anglishten flow:
O.E. flowan (class VII strong verb; past tense fleow, pp. flowen), from P.Gmc. *flo- (cf. Du. vloeien "to flow, " O.N. floa "to deluge, " O.H.G. flouwen "to rinse, wash"), probably from PIE *pleu- "flow, float" (cf. Skt. plavate "navigates, swims, " plavayati "overflows;" Armenian helum "I pour;" Gk. plyno "I wash, " pleo "swim, go by sea;" L. pluere "to rain;" O.C.S. plovo "to flow, navigate;" Lith. pilu "to pour out, " plauti "rinse"). The weak form predominated from 14c., but strong pp. flown is occasionally attested through 18c.
http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=flow&searchmode=none
Megjithse gjuha angleze sht nj gjuhe gjermanike, sic thon, ketu jepen lloj - lloj shembujsh, por s'bhet asnj lidhje me gjermanishten fliessen. Mos kujtoni se kto dhe ato shembujt, qe ne kemi dhn per foljet bestow, blow, bow, crow, jan thjesht nj rastsi?
Ja pse cfilitemi ne, familja jon, nga Monarko - Fashistet, pasi Dija e tyre nuk qndron dot ne kmb, sht nj Dije plot mashtrime, mashtrime qe verbojne vetm njerz qe u plqen verbria.
shih emailin e dt. 13/04/09
Etimologji: angl. crow (nga Etimologjia e Monarko - Fashistve)
Le te shohim tani anglishten crow:
crow (v)
O.E. crawian "make a loud noise like a crow;" sense of "exult in triumph" is 1522, perhaps in part because the English crow is a carrion-eater.
crow (n.)
O.E. crawe, imitative of bird's cry. Phrase eat crow is probably based on the notion that the bird is edible when boiled but hardly agreeable; first attested 1851, Amer.Eng., but said to date to War of 1812 (Walter Etecroue turns up 1361 in the Calendar of Letter Books of the City of London). Crow's foot "wrinkle around the corner of the eye" is c.1374. Crowbar (c.1400) is either from resemblance to a crow's foot or possibly from crows, from O.Fr. cros, pl. of croc "hook." Phrase as the crow flies first recorded 1800. The Crow Indian tribe of the American Midwest is a rough translation of their own name, Apsaruke.
http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=crow&searchmode=none
Ketu nuk prmendet asnj lidhje e anglishtes qofte me nj nga foljet e vargut:
angl. crow, ger. krhen, angl. cry, ger. kreischen, angl. shriek, ger. schreien; angl. screech, angl. scream.
shih emailin e dt. 13/04/09
Etimologji: angl. bow (nga Etimologjia e Monarko - Fashistve)
Le te shohim tani anglishten bow:
O.E. bugan "to bend, to bend the body in condescension, " also "to turn back" (class II strong verb; past tense beag, pp. bogen), from P.Gmc. *bugon (cf. M.L.G. bugen, O.H.G. biogan, Goth. biugan "to bend, " O.N. boginn "bent"), from *beugen, from PIE base *bheugh- (cf. Skt. bhujati "bends, thrusts aside"). The noun is first recorded 1656. Bow out "withdraw" is from 1942.
http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=bow&searchmode=none
Ketu prmendet lidhja e bow me *beugen, e cila shnohet me nj yll, pra me nj asterisk, nj shenje qe etimologt e Monarko - fashistve e vn kur nj fjale nuk ekziston, kur ne fakt beugen sht gjermanisht. Nuk prmendet as lidhja me foljen tjetr gjermane biegen.
shih emailin e dt. 13/04/09
Etimologji: angl. blow (nga Etimologjia e Monarko - Fashistve)
Le te shohim tani anglishten blow:
"move air, " O.E. blawan "make an air current, sound a wind instrument" (class VII strong verb; past tense bleow, pp. blawen), from P.Gmc. *bl-anan (cf. O.H.G. blaen), from PIE *bhle- "to swell, blow up" (cf. L. flare "to blow"). Slang "do fellatio on" sense is from 1933, as blow (someone) off, originally among prostitutes (blow job first recorded 1961 in the sexual sense; as recently as 1953 it meant "a type of airplane"). This usage is probably not connected to the colloquial imprecation (1781, associated with sailors, e.g. Popeye's "well, blow me down!"), which has pp. blowed. Meaning "to spend (money) foolishly and all at once" is 1890s; that of "bungle an opportunity" is from 1943. Blowhard (n.) "braggart" is from 1820s; blowout "big, loud party" is 1824. To blow up "explode" is from 1599.
http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=blow&searchmode=none
Nuk prmendet gjkundi gjermanishtja blasen me te ciln lidhet etimologjikisht anglishtja blow!
shih emailin e dt. 13/04/09
Etimologji: angl. bestow (nga Etimologjia e Monarko - Fashistve)
Le te shohim tani anglishten bestow:
c.1315, bistowen "give" (as alms, etc.), from be- + stowen "to place"
http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=blow&searchmode=none
Nuk prmendet gjkundi gjermanishtja bestechen me te ciln lidhet etimologjikisht anglishtja bestow!
shih emailin e dt. 13/04/09
Etimologji: angl. allow (nga Etimologjia e Monarko - Fashistve)
Le te shohim tani anglishten allow:
c.1300, from O.Fr. alouer "approve, " from L. allaudare, compound of ad- "to" + laudare "to praise, " confused and merged in O.Fr. with alouer "assign, " from L. allocare (see allocate). From the first word came the sense "permission based on approval, " from the second the meaning preserved in allowance "a limited portion or sum (usually of money or food), " first recorded 1440.
Nuk prmendet gjkundi gjermanishtja erlauben nga vjen anglishtja allow!
shih emailin e dt. 13/04/09
Etimologji: angl. show (nga Etimologjia e Monarko - Fashistve)
Nga lista e fjalve angleze po marrim nj e nga nj fjalt angleze dhe te shohim se 'thon etimologt e Monarko - Fashistve per to:
angl. show = ger. Schau, schauen
Por, jo, thon etimologt e Monarko - Fashistve te
show (v)
O.E. sceawian "to look at, see, " from W.Gmc. *skauwojanan (cf. O.S. skauwon "to look at, " O.Fris. skawia, Du. schouwen, O.H.G. scouwon "to look at;" Du. schoon, Goth. skaunjai "beautiful, " originally "conspicuous"), from P.Gmc. root *skau- "behold, look at, " from PIE *skou-, variant of base *skeue- "to pay attention, perceive" (see caveat). Causal meaning "let be seen, put in sight, make known" evolved c.1200 for unknown reasons and is unique to Eng. (Ger. schauen still means "look at"). Spelling shew, popular 18c. and surviving into early 19c., represents obsolete pronunciation (rhymes with view).
show (n.)
c.1300, "act of exhibiting to view, " from show (v.). Sense of "appearance put on with intention to deceive" is recorded from c.1526. Meaning "display, spectacle" is first recorded 1561; that of "ostentatious display" is from 1713 (showy is from 1712). Sense of "entertainment program on radio or TV" is first recorded 1932. Meaning "third place in a horse race" is from 1925, Amer.Eng. Show of hands is attested from 1789; Phrase for show "for appearance's sake" is from c.1700. Show business is attested from 1850; shortened form show biz first attested 1945. Expression the show must go on is first attested 1941. Show-stopper is from 1926; show trial first recorded 1937.
Si e shihni, lidhja me ger. schauen vihet ne kllapa, dhe nuk theksohet lidhja e drejtprdrejt, e pare me te.
shih emailin e dt. 13/04/09
Etimologji: angl. crow, ger. krhen, angl. cry, ger. kreischen, angl. shriek, ger. schreien; angl. screech, angl. scream
Nga lista e mparshme po veojm barazimin:
angl. crow, ger. krhen, angl. cry, ger. kreischen, angl. shriek, ger. schreien; angl. screech, angl. scream
Kjo list bhet dhe me e gjat po te marrim shembuj nga gjuhe te tjera, qe rrjedhin nga te njjtat rrnj.
shih emailin e dt. 13/04/09
Etimologji: fjal angleze q mbarojn me -ow (list jo e plot)
Mbaresa -ow n anglisht:
folje
show, ger. schauen
allow, ger. erlauben
bestow (present, offer), ger. bestechen (schmieren, korrumpieren)
blow, ger. blasen
bow, ger. beugen, biegen
crow, ger. krhen (shih angl. cry, ger. kreischen, angl. shriek, ger. schreien; si angl. screech, si angl. scream)
flow, ger. flieen
glow, ger. glhen
schadow, ger. beschatten
know, ger. kennen
mow, ger. mhen
plow, ger. pflgen
emra
barrow, ger. Bahre
borrow, ger. borgen (shih shqip borxh)
brow, ger. Augenbraue, Braue
cow, ger. Kuh
crow, ger. Krhe; Schrei
mallow, ger. Malve
marrow, ger. Mark
row, ger. Reihe
mbiemra
aglow, ger. glhend
callow, ger. kahl
hollow, ger. hohl
low, ger. leise (Stimme)
shih
Dje dhe sot na pengojn t punojm n internet, nuk e presin, por ulin n minimum shpejtsin. Kt ankes un e kam dgjuar dhe nga Vasilika e Konica - Publishing dhe nga Sasha Tepelena. Shteti shqiptar po prpiqet t'i shrbej sa m mir Monarko - Fashistve te Evrops. Mir bn, por qllimit nuk mund t'ia arrij m, vese diskrediton edhe m shum figurn e tij tashm t diskredituar.
shih emailin e dt. 13/04/09
Etimologji: prapashtesa e infinitivit te gjuheve sllave -vat, -vati < var, bar, br -vat, -vati < var, bar, br
N shtpin time un nuk gjej qetsi nga komshinjt e mi. Kudo q shkoj npr shtpi nga sipr me ndjekin zhurmat e familjes Shkmbi. Un luftoj Albertin e Belgjiks, kta me luftojn mua. Kta duan Albertin e II-te, q t'u rrmbej fmijt, t'ua shkerdhej si din ai dhe t'i therr n fyt pas orgjis ashtu si din po ai. M pas, Alberti i II ka njerz si Doutroux dhe Nihoul q i kallin e i zhdukin nn dhe.
Shihni se 'thot njeri nga njerzit e Albertit te II-te te Belgjiks:
"I am the monster of Belgium" Nihoul says
Un jam Monstra e Belgjiks
http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Nihoul+I+am+a+monster&btnG=Google+Search&aq=f&oq=
Per Albertin e Belgjikes ne kemi hapur nje Blog apostafat. E gjeni te:
http://clirimxhunga10.blogspot.com/ shih emailin e dt. 12/04/09
opatrovat (s lskou) cek. oboevati slovenisht prapashtesa e infinitivit te gjuheve sllave -vat, -vati < var, bar, br
character dhe letter, lettera
prunjsisht = prulsisht prunjsi = prulsi
Etimologji: gr. = angl. onset gr. = angl. onset
Greqisht don t thot mbi, njlloj si anglishtja on. Kshtu:
gr. = angl. on
= set < shqipja ishte
Barazimi i dyt sht ai q na intereson t theksojm ktu. shih emailin e dt. 12/04/09
Etimologji: it. saltare dhe fr. sauter Vargut qe sapo pame ne emailin e meparshem mund t'i shtojme foljet it. saltare dhe fr. sauter. Mes trajtave te italishtes dhe atyre te frengjishtes dallojme alternimin e Rrenjeve te Kodit te Shqipes 'Yll' dhe 'Au, Ai'. shih emailin e dt. 12/04/09
Etimologji: it. alto > salto dhe assalto > salire dhe assalire > fr.& angl. assault, shqipja sulm, sulmoj etj. it. alto > salto dhe assalto > salire dhe assalire > fr.& angl. assault, shqipja sulm, sulmoj etj. shih emailin e dt. 12/04/09
Etimologji: gr. anapantexos = shqip i papandehur gr. anapantexos = shqip i papandehur
-pantexos = (i) pandehur shih emailin e dt. 12/04/09
anapantexos i papandehur -pantexos = (i) pandehur suddenly = .5, .5
xafnika, aifnidiastika sudden = .5
xafnikos
sudden attack = .5
aifnidiastiki epithesi Greek ana, up, back, again, anew
... dyfek
erheben = montare
pick pick up = lift up, uplift
nxitoja qendrova .5 rezistova
< stayed +
rezist, insist
' .5
when I faced
kur un te rrija karshi
aufnehmen < abheben auftreiben abheben = anheben = anheben = erheben, aufnehmen = hochnehmen emporheben, aufziehen, heraufziehen, erhhen, rberspringen, strecken, aufrecken, aufklappen, klappen, hochklappen, emporrichten, aufschlagen, aufstoen, raffen, aufraffen, auftreiben
... [epilusi]
augmenter fr. augmenter = it. aumentare
Etimologji: gr. .5, gkriniazo, griniazo = shqipen grindem gr. .5, gkriniazo, griniazo = shqipen grindem
gr. .5 < gr. .5 +
grindem < grin + dem shih emailin e dt. 12/04/09
Etimologji: gr. .5, san = angl. like gr. .5, san = angl. like
gr. .5, san = angl. sun
angl. sun = gr. , ilios
il e , ilios = li e like
A e kuptuam? shih emailin e dt. 12/04/09
Etimologji: gr. , gkrizos, grizos = gri, i hirt (gri = hir- te i hirt) Grekt ngjyrs gri i thoshin glaukos. Tani le te mesojme se ngjyres gri greket i thone, njelloj si si francezet, gr. , gkrizos, grizos = gri, i hirt (gri = hir- te i hirt).
Frengjisht kemi :
gris gj. m. - grise [griz] gj. fem.
Si e vut re dhe shqipja i hirt = gri, ngjyr gri
hir = gri
Nga hir- dhe hiri ka dal shqipja hi, mbetjet e nje djegje. shih emailin e dt. 12/04/09
Etimologji: gr. , gkremos = shqipen gremin gr. , gkremos = shqipen gremin
gr. , gkremizo, gremizo = shqipen gremis
Shih zgjedhimin e kesaj folje te:
http://modern-greek-verbs.tripod.com/gkremizo.html
Shih dhe angl. raze = shih emailin e dt. 12/04/09
Etimologji: ger. Erhhung = it. rialzo ger. Erhhung = it. rialzo
er + ger. hh, hoch, fr. haut, it. alto + ung, zo shih emailin e dt. 12/04/09
Etimologji: ger. Abwesentheit, angl. absence, essence, nonsense, shqipja munges ger. Abwesentheit = angl. absence
Nga kto dy emra, anglishtja ka kuptim, gjermanishtja Abwesenheit sht ne thelb nj nonsense. Le ta fillojm nga nonsense:
nonsense < non, pj. moh. + sen, shn, shnjtor + se, sht
Mospranimi i shenjtris s dikujt, e Krishtit apo e nj shenjtori tjetr apo dhe ekzistenca e tyre jan quajtur nj nonsense. Kshtu jan parabolat e krishtera, zgjidh e merr, thon, k t duash. Kshtu doli fjala sense, sens, kuptim. Bashk me nonsense dhe sense lindi dhe termi essence, esenc, thelb:
essence < es, ai (gjermanisht) + sen, shn + qe. Ky sht dhe thelbi dogms, prqnimi i Krishtit, dishepujve dhe kujtdo qe Kisha e quan njeri i shenjt. ndrkoh shenjti nuk rron mes nesh, ai sht lart, shum lart, n qiell, n parajs, atje ku vrtiten sot vetm satelit, Hubble dhe kozmonaut. Prandaj dhe:
absence, megjithse = essence, don t thot:
ab, ay + sen, shn + ce, qe, pra ai sht larg nesh, dhe kjo u quajt 'munges'. Shihni vet shqipen munges. Munges sht nj nonsense njlloj si Abwesenheit. N qoftse essence, absence jan fjal me kuptim, shqipja munges dhe Abwesentheit, n kuptimin fetar jan nj nonsense. Prse? Sepse:
ger. abwesen- = munges
abwesen < ab, ai + we, vjen + sen, shn
munges < mun, wun, vjen + ges, q'sht + , e, ai
Ardhja e dikujt mes nesh nuk mund t jet munges. Kto dy fjal, shqipja munges dhe ger. Abwesentheit jan ndrtuar sipas modelit t fjalformimit t essence, nonsense dhe absence.
shih emailin e dt. 12/04/09
Etimologji: fr. hausser = fr. hisser fr. hausser = fr. hisser
qe te dy keto folje duan te thone 'ngrej', vese me hisser ngrihet flamuri, me hausser ngrihet zeri. Etimologjikisht, ajo qe ne na intereson per te zhveshur masken e ketyre gjuheve dhe popujve, ato jane te njejta. shih emailin e dt. 12/04/09
Etimologji: gr. glauc- te glaucoma = angl. glance (u = n) Glaukoma sht veshje, paksim i shikimit (dimness or abolition of sight, with a diminution of transparency).
Pr glaukomen ne gjejm kto shpjegime etimologjike:
Glaucoma:
Origin:
1635-45; < Gk glakma opacity of the eye lens. See glauc-, -oma
...
Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Dictionary, Random House, Inc. 2009
Glaucoma
Glau*co"ma\, n. [L., fr. Gr. ?, fr. ? light gray, blue gray.] (
...
Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary, 1996, 1998 MICRA, Inc.
http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=glaucoma
oma
plural -omas, -omata.
a noun suffix used to form names of tumors, of the kind specified by the base: fibroma; melanoma.
http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=-oma&db=luna
Ajo q mungon n shpjegimin e msiprm sht barazimi:
gr. glauc = angl. glance
Te etymonline zbulojm se angl. glance qenka shkruar per here t par m 1441 dhe se nuk ka asnj lidhje me greqishten glauc-. Shihni vete se 'budallallqe thuhen aty. Anglishten glance e krahasojn dhe e bjn te prejardhur nga do fjale tjetr prve gjermanisht Glanz!
Gjermanishtja Glanz don t thot:
Glanz ist die Eigenschaft einer Oberflche, Licht ganz oder teilweise spiegelnd zu reflektieren . Nicht oder kaum vorhandenen Glanz nennt man Mattheit.
http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glanz
Tani le t krahasojm shqipen shklqen' me gjermanishten glnzen. Jan e njjta fjale, t njjtat folje, dhe q t dyja lidhen me anglishten excel, q vjen nga excellence!!!
Pra, rradha e krijimit t ktyre fjalve sht:
excellence > excel, shkelqen, glnzen > angl. glance > gr. glaucoma
ku glaucoma < glauc- < glance + oma < opa- < opacity
gr. glaucoma > gr. glaukos 'gri, ngjyre gri'
Shihni vete lidhjen dhe barazimin mes -oma dhe opa- te opac, opak:
oma = opa
m, w = p
Glaucoma, pra, don t thot opacitet i glance, i shikimit. Nga gr. glaukoma vjen greqishtja glaukos dhe -oma. Kthejuni dhe njher shpjegimeve te Etimologve Sharlatan pr t kuptuar Hilet e tyre e per t mos u besuar kurr atyre. shih emailin e dt. 12/04/09
.5 .5 .5 blood is thicker than water
.5 < ngjan
extinction distinguish, extinguish
Etimologji: gr. , qetsi = gr. ..., gjakftohtsi Lexojeni me vmendje kete email, pasi pas disa muajsh, tani q po shkruaja kt email pr ju Interneti prishet, nj gj q kishin koh q s'e provonin m tek un.
Gr. , qetsi > gr. ..., gjakftohtsi
sepse
... < , ps, ish + ...() = , qetsi
< , it. ira, zemerim + , , nuk +
, etimologjikisht, = .5, Irini, Irena, perndesha e Paqes. Ne greqisht kemi ' .5 dhe ne turqisht Aya rini, q duan t thon Paqja e Shenjt. Statuja e Irens n Akropol qndron pran fmijs s saj Ploutus, perndis s Pasuris. N fakt duhet t ishte e kundrta: Perndia 'Plot + sht' duhet t kishte pran bijen e tij, q t quhej 'Paqja' apo 'Qetsia'.
1. ira n italisht, spanjisht, portugalisht zemrim 2. angl. anger, angry [engri] i zemruar, prandaj dhe 'i egr'
2. , nuk
Pra, Iremia vjen nga Ira, q don t thot 'zemrim' dhe greqishtja ', mi', q don t thote nuk. Keshtu Iremia vjen nga mohimi i ndjenjs s zemrimit = Paqja dhe Qetsia. Ktej, nga fjal si ... kan lindur fjalet ..., psyche, psiqik dhe , aima, ema, gjak.
Reference:
agri-, agrio-, ager
http://www.wordinfo.info/words/index/info/view_unit/58/4/?spage=4&letter=A
shih emailin e dt. 11/04/09
Fjal q Chaucer nuk mund t'i njihte
Nj nga fjalt q anglezi Chaucer (1343 - 25/10/1400) nuk mund ta njihte n kohn e tij sht fjala angleze fellowship, pasi fellow, mik, vjen nga greqishtja . Por anglezt nuk mendojn kshtu si ne. Ata thon se:
fellow
O.E. feolaga "partner, " from O.N. felagi, from fe "money" + verbal base denoting "lay." Sense is of "one who puts down money with another in a joint venture." Used familiarly since M.E. for "man, male person, " but not etymologically masculine. University senses (c.1449, corresponding to L. socius) evolved from notion of "one of the corporation who constitute a college" and who are paid from its revenues. Fellowship (c.1200) in M.E. was a euphemism for "sexual intercourse." Fellow-feeling (1613) attempted to translate L. compassio and Gk. sympatheia. First record of fellow-traveler in sense of "one who sympathizes with the Communist movement but is not a party member, " is from 1936, translating Rus. poputchik.
Online Etymology Dictionary, 2001 Douglas Harper
http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=fellow
Ky sht nj nga shembujt m t paturpshm shkencore, q un kam ndeshur n studimet e mia. Fjaln angleze fellow, q ka vetm nj prejardhje etimologjike, greqishten , q edhe n greqisht don t thot 'mik', etimologt kan paturpsin ta sjellin nga norvegjishtja felagi. N kohn e Chaucer, n Angli s'ka patur anglez dhe n Norvegji s'ka patur asnj norvegjez. Njerzit atje gjithka mund t jen quajtur, ata gjithka mund t ken folur, por ata s'kan qen as anglez dhe as norvegjez, ata nuk kan folur as anglisht dhe as norvegjisht.
E tr Evropa, pr fat, pohon me buj se deri m 1453-in evropiant nuk e kishin iden se 'ishte gjuha greke, nuk dinin asnj shkronj greke dhe nuk kishin pare me sy asnj flet doreshkrimi t shkruar n greqisht. Nga i lindi n kok Chaucerit t shkruante n poezit e tija fjal, q vijn nga gjuha greke? Pr ta kaprcyer kt paradox evropiant kalojn n gomarllkun tjetr. E bjn kt fjal t ardhur nga nj fjal norvegjeze. Ky sht gomarllku m i madh, q kam dgjuar, kjo sht marrzia m e madhe, q m kan pare syt. Vnia n gojn e Chaucer e nj fjale q s'ka ekzistuar kurr n at gjuh para vitit 1453, sht nj nga provat, q dshmojn Pafytyrsin e etimologve dhe pseudo - eruditve evropian.
Fati yn, i shqiptarve, sht se Aristokracia nuk i ka zn bes kurr vetvetes, ata nuk i kan besuar kurr njri - tjetrit. Pr t patur prova kundr njri - tjetrit ata kan pranuar t shkruhet nj histori e t thurren gjuh sakate, por me nj kusht, q sakatllkun ta dinin vetm ata, aristokratt.
Ne tashm kt sakatllk t Aristokracis e kemi zbuluar dhe ata s'kan asnj mnyr pr ta ndrequr.
Referenca:
http://www.usu.edu/markdamen/Wordpower/PP/slides/01historyofenglish.pdf
http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=fellow
http://molcat1.bl.uk/treasures/caxton/search.asp shih emailin e dt. 11/04/09
Amerikanet kunder te Vertetave Historike Ne kujtojme se ceshtja e Historise eshte teper e qarte, e fiksuar, duke menduar gabim se te huajt tashme s'kane asnje dyshim per Historine e popujve qe popullojne Evropen, Ballkanin dhe trojet shqiptare. Por e kemi shume gabim. Amerikanet dhe Evropianet jane kunder te Vertetave te Historise, prandaj dhe ata shkruajne pacavure te tilla:
http://www.usu.edu/markdamen/Wordpower/PP/slides/01historyofenglish.pdf
Universiteti Utah
The Beginnings of Human Speech -during the Neolithic Age, language was necessary for social hunting, transmission of weapons technology, etc.-do any languages from this period survive?ALL languages are Neolithic in origin but none has survived unchanged because all languages are constantly evolving-they must evolve to meet changing circumstancesa unique example of the lone survivor of a "native European language family" is Basque -in S France, NW Spain; around the Bay of Biscay-i.e. not Indo-European or tied to any other known language.
Sipas tyre, e vetmja gjuhe qe ka mbijetuar eshte gjuha baske, kur gjuha baske eshte nje surrogat po aq sa jane surrogate te gjitha gjuhet qe njeh njerezimi sot. Asnjera prej tyre nuk eshte me e vjeter se viti 1500. Dhe per kete, qe kjo e vertete te mos mesohet, Amerikanet (miqte tane) dhe Evropianet po bejne cmos te bllokojne studimet tona, ata bejne cmos qe zeri yne te mos degjohet as ne shtyp e as ne televizion. Sepse ata e dine mire se nuk kane sot, se nuk do te kene as neser, qofte dhe nje dijetar qe mund te perballoje Dijen tone dhe Kodin e Shqipes.
Duke qene kunder te Vertetave te Historise, Amerikanet dhe Evropianet bashke me ta kane qene dhe mbeten kunder shqiptareve. shih emailin e dt. 11/04/09
Leitung ger. shih angl. lead, leading shih Ableitung
Etimologji: it. derivare Kur shfletojme fjaloret etimologjike per te mesuar ndonje gje mbi etimologjine e foljes it. derivare, atje te thone se:
derivare < lat. derivare < de, qe don te thote 'nga', nga dhe rivus, qe don te thote rrjedhe uji, lum.
http://www.etimo.it/?term=derivare
Sesi mund te rrjedhe kuptimi i derivare nga de + rivus, kete vetem Qorrat e Erazmit dhe te Paditurit e Kuzanos mund ta pranojne. Por ja qe kemi 500 vjet qe pranojme arsyetime pa arsyetuar duke pranuar keshtu Pseudo - Logjiken e Mashtruesve.
Derivare, qe don te thote 'rrjedh', 'vjen nga', eshte antinomi, e kunderta e it. arrivare, mberrij (ne nje vend, ne nje ide etj.). Duke zevendesuar ne menyre mekanike 'ar' me de, qe tregon prejardhje, eshte krijuar italishtja derivare, nga e cila kane dale fjalet e prejardhura it. derivato, it. derivazione, angl. derivative, derivation, ger. Derivat etj.
Per te kuptuar lojen e etimologeve dhe drejtesine e fjaleve te mia, le te ndjekim tani se c'thuhet per italishten arrivare:
Te http://www.etimo.it/?term=arrivare lexojme se:
Arrivare, vjen nga ad + ripare, qe sipas tyre duan te thone condurre e accostare alla riva.
Ketu, e vetmja gje qe vlen eshte pohimi me gojen e tyre se:
-rivare = ripare
vare = pare
Per t'u zhveshur masken e Etimologut dhe per t'u veshur masken e Mashtruesit, mjafton qe etimologet e gjuheve te ndryshme t'i ndersejme kunder njeri - tjetrit. Kete do te bejme dhe ne tani per t'ju bindur ne vertetesine e arsyetimeve tona. Le te shkojme e te gjejme etimologjine e 'reach', e cilat eshte fjala pergjegjese angleze e italishtes arrivare.
reach
O.E. rcan "to extend, hold forth, " also "to succeed in touching, " from W.Gmc. *raikjan "stretch out the hand" (cf. O.Fris. reka, M.Du. reiken), from P.Gmc. *raikijanau, perhaps from PIE base *reig- "to stretch out" (cf. Skt. rjyati "he stretches himself, " riag "torture" (by racking); Gk. oregein "to reach, extend;" Lith. raizius "to stretch oneself;" O.Ir. rigim "I stretch"), related to base *reg- "to rule, to lead straight, to put right" (see regal). Shakespeare uses the now-obsolete past tense form raught (O.E. rhte). Meaning "arrive at" is c.1330; that of "succeed in influencing" is from 1667. The noun is first recorded 1526; earliest use is of stretches of water. Reach-me-down "ready-made" (of clothes) is recorded from 1862, from notion of being on the rack in a finished state.
angl. reach = angl. arrive at
dhe
angl. arrive at = it. arrivare
Si ka mundesi, atehere, qe anglishtja 'reach', e cila me 1526, kur ajo perdoret per here te pare me kuptimin 'stretches of water' nuk vjen nga anglishtja 'river', kur angl. river ka dhene latinishten rivus?
Angl. reach vjen nga gjermanishtja erreichen:
ger. erreichen < ai + re, mbret + qe, qe don te thote se Ai, krishti ka mberritur ne Parajsen, ka marre graden shoqerore te Mbretit e te tjera budallalleqe si keto). Dhe ger. erreichen = it. arrivare:
erreichen < er, ai + re, mbret + chen, qe
arrivare < ar, ai + ri, re, mbret + vare, br shih emailin e dt. 11/04/09
Etimologji: angl. wrought < angl. brought (Truke fjaleformimi ne anglisht) angl. wrought < angl. brought
Mjafton te shnderrojme w ne b per te kuptuar se kemi te bejme me te njejten fjale. Jo vetem kaq. Fjaloret japin kete shpjegim per foljen angleze wrought:
wrought
A past tense and a past participle of work.
adj.
1. Put together; created: a carefully wrought plan.
2. Shaped by hammering with tools. Used chiefly of metals or metalwork.
3. Made delicately or elaborately.
Keshtu, bring dhe brought ne anglisht jane = wrought = wor(k), Te gjitha vijne nga shqipja cudiberese 'br'.
Shikoni kete shprehje:
In six years, the occupation has wrought one massive transformation in Afghanistan, a development so huge that it has increased Afghan GDP by 66 per cent and constitutes 40 per cent of the entire economy. That is a startling achievement, by any standards. Yet we are not trumpeting it. Why not?
The answer is this. The achievement is the highest harvests of opium the world has ever seen.
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-469983/Britain-protecting-biggest-heroin-crop-time.html
Shprehja wrought one (massive) transformation ne na beri pershtypje, prandaj dhe u ndalem per te shpjeguar etimologjine e anglishtes wrought = brought.
shih emailin e dt. 11/04/09Etimologji: semitic dhe antisemitic Termat semitic dhe antisemitic jane dy terma qe jane krijuar shume prane njeri - tjetrit ne kohe. Sic rezulton dhe nga dy paragrafet e meposhtme, semitic eshte krijuar ne vitin 1813 per gjuhet dhe me 1826 ai eshte perdorur per njerezit, ndersa antisemitikeshte krijuar me 1860-en nga Moritz Steinschneider. Fjala Zionismus eshte krijuar me 1886-en dhe yiddish me 1875. Jane fjale pa te cilat nuk mund te konceptohet raca cifute. Si mund te kete patur cifute para 1800-es, pra, para se te te konceptohet kjo race?
Semitic, 1847, "Jew, Arab, Assyrian, Araman, " from Mod.L. Semita, from L.L. Sem "Shem, " one of the three sons of Noah (Gen. x:21-30), regarded as the ancestor of the Semites (in the days when anthropology was still bound by the Bible), from Heb. Shem. Semitic (1813 of languages, 1826 of persons) is probably from Ger. semitisch (first used by Ger. historian August Schlzer, 1781), denoting the language group that includes Hebrew, Arabic, Aramaic, Assyrian, etc. In recent use often with the specific sense "Jewish, " but not historically so limited.
http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Semite
The word antisemitic (antisemitisch in German) was probably first used in 1860 by the Austrian Jewish scholar Moritz Steinschneider in the phrase "antisemitic prejudices" (German: "antisemitische Vorurteile").[10] Steinschneider used this phrase to characterize Ernest Renan's ideas about how "Semitic races" were inferior to "Aryan races." These pseudo-scientific theories concerning race, civilization, and "progress" had become quite widespread in Europe in the second half of the 19th century, especially as Prussian nationalistic historian Heinrich von Treitschke did much to promote this form of racism. In Treitschke's writings Semitic was synonymous with Jewish, in contrast to its usage by Renan and others. In 1873 German journalist Wilhelm Marr published a pamphlet "The Victory of the Jewish Spirit over the Germanic Spirit. Observed from a non-religious perspective." ("Der Sieg des Judenthums ber das Germanenthum. Vom nicht confessionellen Standpunkt aus betrachtet.") in which he used the word "Semitismus" interchangeably with the word "Judentum" to denote both "Jewry" (the Jews as a collective) and "jewishness" (the quality of being Jewish, or the Jewish spirit). Although he did not use the word "Antisemitismus" in the pamphlet, the coining of the latter word followed naturally from the word "Semitismus", and indicated either opposition to the Jews as a people, or else oppositon to jewishness or the Jewish spirit, which he saw as infiltrating German culture.[11] In his next pamphlet, "The Way to Victory of the Germanic Spirit over the Jewish Spirit", published in 1880, Marr developed his ideas further and coined the related German word Antisemitismus - antisemitism, derived from the word "Semitismus" that he had earlier used.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-Semitism#Etymology_and_usage
Zion, O.E. Sion, from Gk. Seon, from Heb. Tsiyon, name of a Canaanite hill fortress in Jerusalem captured by David and called in the Bible "City of David." It became the center of Jewish life and worship. Zionism "movement for forming (later supporting) a Jewish national state in Palestine" first attested 1896, from Ger. Zionismus (from Zion + L.-derived suffix -ismus), first recorded 1886 in "Selbstemancipation, " by "Matthias Acher" (pseudonym of Nathan Birnbaum).
http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=jewish&searchmode=none
Yiddish, 1875, from Yiddish yidish, from M.H.G. jdisch "Jewish" (in phrase jdisch deutsch "Jewish-German"), from jude "Jew, " from O.H.G. judo, from L. Judaeus (see Jew). The Eng. word has been re-borrowed in Ger. as jiddisch.
http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=jewish&searchmode=none shih emailin e dt. 11/04/09
Etimologji: angl. chalice = angl. glass, rus. = gr. angl. chalice, kup = glass, got
rus. , kup = gr. [potiri] got shih emailin e dt. 10/04/09 calix lat. kish. kup angl. chalice, it. calice .; . , (.5) () shih angl. chalice = glass, got rus. , kup, gr. [potiri] got
spouse angl. husband gr. ..., .5 ... ... rus. , , , it. consorte spanj. esposo, cnyuge port. cnjuge
Etimologji: paronimet Ciftet etimologjike (etymological twins) quhen ne gjuhesi ndryshe 'kunata' (cognates), dubleta apo dopjeta, dhe paronyme. Ne frengjisht i thone dhe vrais amis (miq te vertete)..
Doublet (etymology)
Definition: Unique words that derive from borrowing and re-borrowing the same foreign word.
Note: three such words - e.g., cattle, chattel, and capital - are called triplets.
Example:
(1) The words frail and fragile are doublets that derive from the Latin fragilis, fragile;
(2) aperture and overture (from the Latin aperire, to open); and
(3) thesaurus and treasure (from the Greek thesauros, a storehouse).
Etymology: The word derives from the French doublet, which was coined as a diminutive of double.
Paronyms
Definition: Words that derive from the same etymological roots.
Note: words that exhibit this quality are described as paronymous.
Example: farther and further, collision and collusion, and affect and effect
Etymology: The word derives from the Greek paronumos, derivative (from para, beside + onuma, name).
Oxford English Dictionary: The first OED citation for the word paronymous is from 1661: "Paronymous (Gr.), pertaining to words or terms that have denomination from the same thing, but differ in case or termination."
Reference:
http://www.odlt.org/ballast/paronyms.html
http://www.odlt.org/ballast/doublet_etymology.html
http://french.about.com/library/vocab/bl-vraisamis.htm
Nje pasqyre ciftesh etimologjike mes anglishtes dhe frengjishtes e gjeni te:
http://french.about.com/library/vocab/bl-vraisamis-a.htm
Kshtu, ne tekstet e mesiperme permenden fjale me te njejtat rrenje etimologjike:
farther = further
affect = effect
Por edhe ketu nuk u shpjegohet qellimisht exuesve se cilat jane rrenjet e tyre etimologjike:
far, fur < shqipja br
af, au, al
ef, eu, el
al, el trajta te vargut te Rrenjes se Kodit te Shqpes 'Yll'.
fe < vjen
Ky ndryshim ne shpjegim eshte ajo qe dallon shkrimet dhe shenimet e mia etimologjike nga Kalemxhinj Maskarenj.
Te faqja http://french.about.com/library/fauxamis/blfauxam.htm keni nje liste qe autori i quan cifte te rreme, por qe etimologjikisht vijne nga te njejtat rrenje. Ne thelb kemi te bejme me fjale te njejta, por ku kuptimi nga njera fjale ne tjetren eshte i zhvendosur. Ky eshte dhe nje nga objetivat kryesore te studimit etimologjik, qe prapa perdes se lojes etimologjike te zbuloje historine e vertete te fjales dhe rrenjet e saj.
Ja shembujt dhe shpjegimet qe jipen aty:
Agrable vs Agreeable
Agrable means pleasant or nice when describing a thing, such as the weather or situation. It's not used to describe people other than in the construction tre agrable de sa personne - to be pleasant-looking/personable.
Agreeable does not normally mean agrable, but rather "in agreement, " which doesn't have an exact equivalent in French. "I'm agreeable to doing it" - Je le ferai volontiers, "If that's agreeable/acceptable" - S'il n'y a pas d'inconvnient, Si cela vous convient.
Cave vs Cave
Cave = cellar, basement, vault.
Cave = une caverne, une grotte.
Date vs Date
Date is the same as date only in terms of calendar dates.
Date can also refer to the fruit (une datte) or un rendez-vous.
Infect vs Infect
Infect is an adjective: revolting, obnoxious, squalid, vile, horrible.
Infect is a verb: infecter, contaminer.
Versatile vs Versatile
Versatile means fickle, changeable, or inconsistent.
Versatile means aux talents varis or souple. shih emailin e dt. 10/04/09
Etimologji: pyer = fire, frail = fragile etj. - dubletet ne etimologji Pavaresisht se analiza etimologjike ne kete faqe enciklopedike nuk i shkon deri ne sqarimin e rrenjeve te ketyre fjaleve, qe vijne vetem nga Dhjete Rrenjet e Kodit te Shqipes, shkrime te tilla tregojne se ky Kodi yne njihet, se ai ka sherbyer per te krijuar leksikun e te gjitha gjuheve. Shikoni keto barazime te meposhtme:
angl. pyre, pirg, turr drush = angl. fire zjarri,
py = fi
angl. frail = it. fragile (kemi nje g, gi, q me shume)
it. apertura < fr. ouverture (fr. ouvert = angl. open, overt)
pen, vjen alternohet me ver, br
Italishtja aprire ashtu si dhe shqipet hap, hapur jane trajta etimologjikisht te gabuara. Appertura duhet shkruar appertura < ap + per + tur + a
Shihni vete me poshte per host = guest, aperture = overture, host = guest, levy = levee, sovereign = soprano, hearty = cordial = sincere, cor = cuore = coeur = corazn = Herz, shirt = skirt, chief = chef, secure = sure, right = rich, carton = cartoon, ward = guard, wheel = cycle, frenetic = frantic, cave = cavern, price, prize, praise.
Keto shenime ndryshojne nga shenimet tona etimologjike ne ceshtjen qendrore te Etimologjise: nderkohe qe une kam vertetuar tashme se te gjitha fjalet e Leksikut te Gjuheve te Mbare Botes vijne vetem nga Dhjete rrenje te Kodit te Shqipes, studjues te huaj dhe papagallet e tyre ne Akademine Shqiptare kerkojne te nxjerrin artificialisht nga fjalet e te gjitha gjuheve Pseudo - Rrenje te nje Gjuhe Indo -Evropiane.
Ne shenimet e me poshtme, ne rradhe te pare, ne s'kemi asnje shpjegim etimologjik per shembujt e dhene, dhe ne rradhe te dyte, nuk shpjegohet lidhja mes beef dhe cow (ndonse eshte nje shembull i drejte), mes chrism dhe vreme. Se fundi, ne s'jemi dakort per lidhjen mes plant dhe clan. E themi kete, sepse meqe te gjitha fjalet e Leksikut Boteror vijne vetem nga Dhjete rrenje te Kodit te Shqipes, kushdo mund te beje cfaredo barazimi qe mund t'i linde ne koke nga fjalet e ketij leksiku dhe etimologjikisht ai te rezultoje i vertete. Por, me mjetet e sotme ende kjo nuk eshte e mundur te behet, pasi me pare duhet te jete ndertuar harta etimologjike e te gjithe fjalorit boteror. E deri atehere, neve na duhet te shpjegojme rradhen se si kane lindur fjalet, lidhjet fonetike e semantike mes tyre, burimin se nga vijne ato, pra, rrenjet njesi te cilat i takojne vetem shqipes.
Le te lexojme se bashku se c'thuhet te:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etymological_twins
Doublet (linguistics)
In etymology, two or more words in the same language are called doublets or etymological twins (or possibly triplets, etc.) when they have the same etymological root but have entered the language through different routes. Because the relationship between words that have the same root and the same meaning is fairly obvious, the term is mostly used to characterize pairs of words that have diverged in meaning, at times making their shared root a point of irony.
For example English pyre and fire are doublets. Subtle differences in the resulting modern words contribute to the richness of the English language, as indicated by the doublets frail and fragile (which share the Latin root, fragilis): one might refer to a fragile tea cup and a frail old woman, but a frail tea cup and fragile old woman are subtly different and possibly confusing descriptions.
Another example of nearly synonymous doublets is aperture and overture (the commonality behind the meanings is "opening"), but doublets may develop divergent meanings, such as the opposite words, host and guest from the same PIE root, which occur as a doublet in Old French hospes, before having been borrowed into English. Doublets also vary with respect to how far their forms have diverged. For example, the resemblance between levy and levee is obvious, whereas the connection between sovereign and soprano is harder to guess synchronically from the forms of the words alone.
Etymological twins are usually a result of chronologically separate borrowing from a source language. In the case of English, this usually means once from French during the Norman invasion, and again later, after the word had evolved. An example of this is warranty and guarantee. Another possibility is borrowing from both a language and its daughter language (usually Latin and some other Romance language). In many cases involving Indo-European languages, words such as beef and cow, the one Germanic the other Romance, actually do share the same proto-Indo-European root. The forward linguistic path also reflects cultural and historical transactions; often the name of an animal comes from Germanic while the name of its cooked meat comes from Romance. Since English is unusual in that it borrowed heavily from two distinct branches of the same linguistic family tree, it has a relatively high number of this latter type of etymological twin.
A linguistic triplet is an etymological extrapolation with three results rather than the doublet's two. Consider a welcome from the heart, in English: a hearty welcome, a cordial welcome, or a sincere welcome. The Indo-European ker or the proto-Indo-European kerd is the common root, from which the Latin cor, modern Italian cuore, French coeur, Spanish corazn -- and German Herz came into English. The differences may even seem to reflect an "ethnic variation" of a welcome "from the heart"--all are positive, yet, similar to the shades of meaning in frail and fragile, there is an appropriate place for a hearty welcome, a cordial welcome, and a sincere welcome. Examples in English
shirt and skirt (both Germanic, the latter from Old Norse)
chief and chef (both from French at different times)
secure and sure (from Latin, the latter via French)
plant and clan (from Latin, the latter via Old Irish)
right, rich, raj, regalia, reign, royal and real (from Germanic, Celtic, Sanskrit, Latin, French (twice) and Portuguese cognates, respectively)
carton and cartoon, both ultimately the augmentative of Latin carta
ward and guard (from Norman, the latter via French); also warden and guardian.
chrism and creme (from French, in the 14th and 19th centuries, respectively)
cow and beef (from Proto-Indo-European; the former through Germanic - i.e. natively via Old English - the latter through Latin via French)
wheel, cycle and chakra (Germanic, Romance and Sanskrit)
frenetic and frantic (both from Greek, via Old French and Latin)
cave and cavern (from Latin 'cavus', via Fench and Germanic languages respectively)
price, prize, praise and pry (all from French, some diverged in English) shih emailin e dt. 10/04/09
Etimologji: it. provocare < angl. provoke < it. provo v. I n. nj e tashmes se provare it. provocare < angl. provoke
angl. provoke < it. provo v. I n. nj e tashmes se provare + ke, qe
it. provo < it. prova
it. prova > it. provare shih emailin e dt. 10/04/09
Etimologji: gr. < gr. ... < angl. lie = ger. Lge = gr. gr. < gr. ...
gr. ... < gr. ... +
... < ps, us, ish + eu, el, yll
... = shqipen fsheu, fsheh
..., pseu, eu, el ish = angl. lie = ger. Lge = gr.
Po keshtu ne greqisht kemi:
..., i gabuar
ku
... = angl. lie [lai]
Nga ... > gr. .5.5
.5.5 < .5 = ... + .5, than + prap. infinitivit ne greq. - shih emailin e dt. 10/04/09
Etimologji: ger. Macht, pushtet > gr., luft ger. Macht, pushtet > gr., luft
Shih dhe dy shenimet e meparshme. shih emailin e dt. 10/04/09
Etimologji: dika per cognates, 'kunatat' ne etimologji (shenime nga interneti) Le te mesojme dika per ata qe ne etimologji quhen cgnates', fjale kunata.
Te http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognate shpjegohet se:
Cognates in linguistics are words that have a common etymological origin. An example of cognates within the same language would be English shirt vs. skirt, the former from Old English scyrte, the latter loaned from Old Norse skyrta, both from the same Common Germanic *skurtjn-. Words with this type of relationship within a single language are called doublets. Further cognates of the same word in other Germanic languages would include German Schrze and Dutch schort "apron".
Characteristics of cognate words
Cognates need not have the same meaning: dish (English) and Tisch ("table", German), or starve (English) and sterben ("die", German), or head (English) and chef ("chief, head", French), serve as examples as to how cognate terms may diverge in meaning as languages develop separately, eventually becoming false friends. Cognates across languages
Examples of cognates in Indo-European languages are the words night (English), nuit (French), Nacht (German), nacht (Dutch), nicht (Scots), natt (Swedish, Norwegian), nat (Danish), noc (Czech, Polish), .5, noch (Russian), .5, nosht (Bulgarian), .5-, nich (Ukrainian), .5, noch/no (Belarusian), no/.5 (Croatian, Serbian), .5, nyx (Greek), nox (Latin), nakt- (Sanskrit), nat (Albanian), noche (Spanish), nos (Welsh), noite (Portuguese and Galician), notte (Italian), nit (Catalan), noapte (Romanian), ntt (Icelandic), and naktis (Lithuanian), all meaning "night" and derived from the Proto-Indo-European (PIE) *nkts, "night". Another Indo-European example is star (English), str- (Sanskrit), Sitara/Tara(Hindi), astre or toile (French), (ast"r) (Greek), stella (Latin, Italian), stea (Romanian and Venetian), stairno (Gothic), astl (Armenian), Stern (German), ster (Dutch and Afrikaans), starn (Scots), stjerne (Norwegian and Danish), stjarna (Icelandic), stjrna (Swedish), setare (Persian), stoorei (Pashto), seren (Welsh), steren (Cornish), estel (Catalan), estrella (Spanish) and Leonese, estrela (Portuguese and Galician) and estre (Kurdish), from the PIE *hstr, "star". The Hebrew shalom, the Arabic salaam and the Amharic selam ("peace") are also cognates, derived from Proto-Semitic *alm-. The phrase for new year in Mon-Khmer languages are noticeable cognates, Khmer "chnam thmei", Mon "snam thme" and Vietnamese "nm mi".[citation needed] Cognates may often be less easily recognised than the above examples and authorities sometimes differ in their interpretations of the evidence. The English word milk is clearly a cognate of German Milch. On the other hand, French lait and Spanish leche (both meaning "milk") are less obviously cognates of Ancient Greek (genitive singular of , "milk") , a relationship more evidently seen through the intermediate Latin lac "milk", as well as the English word lactic and other terms borrowed from Latin. Cognates within the same language
Cognates can exist within the same language. For example, English ward and guard ( gr. ....5
Shih vete lidhjen etimologjike mes kernel, ....5 dhe nucleo, nucleus;
Perse greqishtes i thone dhe nucleus, per kete shih shkrimet ne faqen:
'....5, meaning nut, referring to the nucleus'
http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=%CE%BA%CE%AC%CF%81%CF%85%CE%BF%CE%BD+nucleus Etimologji: gr. = it. corno shih emailin e dt. 09/04/09
Etimologji: gr. = it. corno gr. = it. corno = angl. horn
cor = hor =
, on trajta te Rrenjes te Kodit te Shqipes 'jam'
Shih dhe gr; .5 < it. corno shih emailin e dt. 09/04/09
Etimologji: ger. spielen > gr. .5 > angl. psalm Per te zbuluar (dhe per te kuptuar) sesi ger. spielen > gr. .5 don pak fantazi, i tille eshte leksiku i greqishtes, por jo vetem i greqishtes. Kush e sajoi kete gjuhe u mendua gjate ne menyre qe ajo gjuhe te paraqitej si gjuhe me e vecante nga te tjerat, pasi asaj do t'i ngarkohej detyra nga Humanistet te perfaqesonte pseudo - gjuhen e vjeter, gjuhen ne te cilen do te kendoheshin Homeri, Platoni e Aristoteli, Arkimedi dhe Euklidi. Shume duhet te kene hequr ata per ta gatuar greqishten, jo pak po lodhemi dhe ne per ta cmontuar.
Gerqishtes kane kohe qe i kane rene puplat. Puplat do t'i bjene te tera kur edhe kaq sa kemi shkruar t'i mesojne te tere njerezit. Monarket kane shume shpresa te na ndalojne. Varet dhe nga ju qe me degjoni qe atyre mundimi t'u shkoje huq, qe Elizabetha te hidhet poshte nga froni, qe Ratzinger te marre arratine.
ger. spielen > gr. .5
sp > ps
pi > pal
spi = psal
el = le
en = in
Fatmiresisht nuk mungon asnje shkronje, asnje rrokje dhe asnje rrenje e Kodit te Shqipes. .
Shihni vete sesi
fr. psaume = angl; psalm
Ashtu si
fr. psaume qendron ndaj gr. psomi
po ashtu dhe
shqipja buk qendron ndaj ger. Buch, angl. book
Shih vete dhe
psallmelodicon, psalter,
Die Psalmen - Gebete auf dem Weg. shih emailin e dt. 09/04/09
Etimologji: Evropianet te gjitha poshtersite ua kane bere shqiptareve me duart e tyre - Bardhyl Demiraj, kreu i Albanologjise ne Un. e Munihut Das Fach Albanologie
Leitung
Prof. Dr. Demiraj, Bardhyl
Telefon:+49 (0)89 / 2180 - 2486
E-Mail: demiraj@lrz.uni-muenchen.de Adresse
Institut fr Vergleichende und Indogermanische Sprachwissenschaft sowie Albanologie
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitt Mnchen
Department fr Kommunikation und Sprache (Dept. II)
Fakultt fr Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaft
Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1
D-80539 Mnchen
Sekretariat
Adrom, Hannelore
Telefon:+49 (0)89 / 2180 - 2486
E-Mail: sprachwiss@lrz.uni-muenchen.de shih emailin e dt. 09/04/09
Etimologji: Roli i Albanologjise sipas Universitetit Ludwig Maximillians ne Munih, Gjermani Ketyre gjermaneve dhe evropianeve te tjere u duhet treguar vendi, u duhet deshmuar se kush kane qene shqiptaret dhe cilet kane qene evropianet deri ne vitin 1500. Perndryshe, historia e shqiptareve dhe e gjuhes se tyre do te vazhdoje te merret neper kembe nga keta lapangjoze e karagjoze me tituj shkencore edhe per shume mote te tjera.
3. Ziele der Albanologie Grundziel der Albanologie ist, die Sprache und die Kultur der Albaner von der Vergangenheit bis zur Gegenwart zu erforschen. Die Vergangenheit der Albaner ist nun aber nur durch wenige historiographische Schlaglichter beleuchtet. Wer "die Albaner" wirklich waren, wo und wie sie in frheren Zeiten gelebt haben, ist mangels historischer Urkunden und schriftlicher berlieferung im groen und ganzen nur rekonstruierbar. Der ethnische Lebensraum der Albaner im Laufe unserer Zeitrechnung ist zwar ziemlich eindeutig die westliche Balkanregion; alle bisher auf uns gekommenen Nachrichten weisen darauf hin. Die Albanologie bercksichtigt jedoch darberhinaus auch den gesamten Siedlungsraum der Albaner von heute [auch Unteritalien sowie Mittel- und Sdgriechenland]. Dies ist nicht so sehr deshalb, um unmittelbare Anknpfungen an die eine oder andere Ethnie auf dem Balkan der Antike zu erzielen, sondern vielmehr um den fortdauernden Fluss der Balkankultur auf dem gesamten Gebiet zu verfolgen. Diese Kultur haben die Vorfahren der heutigen Albaner sich zu eigen gemacht, und sie haben sie im Verkehr mit anderen Balkan- und mediterranen Vlkern stetig bereichert und weiterentwickelt. In diesem Zusammenhang ist eine kulturethnische Grenzziehung zwischen albanisch einerseits und illyrisch, epirotisch, makedonisch , thrakisch, altgriechisch und spter balkanromanisch, byzantinisch oder sdslawisch andererseits fters berflssig. So bewahrheitet sich die Aussage Albanien ist der archimedische Punkt, von wo aus wir die Forschungsaufgaben der lteren Balkangeschichte bezwingen mssen. (Georg Stadtmller: Forschungen zur albanischen Frhgeschichte, in der Serie: Albanische Forschungen, Bd. 2, Wiesbaden 1966) Denn im Albanischen ist der einzige Rest einer altbalkanischen Sprach- und Kulturschicht erhalten, die auch auf andere Balkanvlker in der einen oder anderen Weise ausgestrahlt hat. 3.1. Als historische und deskriptive Sprachwissenschaft hat die Albanologie die Ziele: sprachgeschichtliche Behandlung des Albanischen, seine Vernderung in Raum und Zeit und in Abhngigkeit von ueren und inneren Faktoren,
Beschreibung seines gegenwrtigen Systems in seiner dialektalen Ausprgung. Anders als Fcher wie Germanistik oder Klassische Philologie, die heute auf eine reiche Forschungsgeschichte zurckblicken knnen, muss die Albanologie noch einige elementare Aufgaben bewltigen: Die albanische Sprachwissenschaft muss auch philologisch die frhesten Textdenkmler des Albanischen in ihrer sprachlichen Eigenart verstehen und sprachwissenschaftlich interpretieren, um dann von ihnen ausgehend die Entwicklung der albanischen Sprache und ihrer Dialekte sowie der albanischen Kultur bis in die Gegenwart hinein zu verfolgen.
http://www.albanologie.uni-muenchen.de/studium_lehre/studiengang/was/index.html shih emailin e dt. 09/04/09
Etimologji: autoret e vjeter dhe ata te Rilindjes shqiptare ne internet Te faqja e Kishes Orthodhokse http://shqiptarortodoks.com/Kisha/kisha.html ne faqen e sja te Albanologjise do te gjeni ne origjinal vepra te autoreve te vjeter dhe atyre te Rilindjes:
http://shqiptarortodoks.com/albanologji/albanologji.html
http://shqiptarortodoks.com/tekste/albanologji/Bardhi_1635.pdf
http://www.shqiptarortodoks.com/tekste/liturgjike/Noli_1913.pdf
etj.. shih emailin e dt. 09/04/09
Etimologji: Barazimi au = ab (deshmi nga te huajt per ekzistencen e rregullave te Kodit te Shqipes)
lirim Xhunga Thu, Apr 9, 2009 at 3:09 PM
To: arbsen@yahoo.com, ariskratos@gmail.com, avnialcani@yahoo.com, besetal@yahoo.it, edvald_69@hotmail.com, globusr@yahoo.com, info@mezuraj.museum, jotborshi@hotmail.com, n_shehu@yahoo.it, "Bashkim Kopliku--->Gmail Home" , clirim xhunga , KONICA Publishing , nuri dragoi , Sasha Tepelena , lirim Kokonozi
Ne shkrimin e meposhtem, te shkruar nga nje profesor belg, ne kemi belbezime mbi vargun:
au, ai > ab, af, ap, av, aw, ba, fa, pa, va, wa
Megjithese rradha e transformimeve te ketij vargu paraqitet i kundert, dhe se nuk shpjegohet perse au = away (qe ne fakt eshte nje perseritje e peremrit vetor v. III nj. n. nj. te gjuhes shqipe, per te dhene idene e largesise ne kohe e hapesire), praseprape ne kemi nje konfirmim te ekzistences se ketij vargu nga te huajt.
http://www.mdevaan.nl/research/articleanuariDeVaanAu.pdf
Latin au away', an allomorph of ab
Michiel de Vaan
Universiteit Leiden
m.a.c.de.vaan@let.leidenuniv.nl
La interpretacin del preverbio latino au- (aufer y aufugi) que acepta la mayora de
manuales modernos ( Lat. et and'); final *te may be connected with Skt. ut and' (less clear is Gr. .5- again',
which may have PIE *kwe). O. auti, U. ute, ote or' cannot be derived from *ti, but must have
had a longer vowel in the auslaut, * or *ei (UNTERMANN 2000: 137).
2 More recently, RUSSELL (1988: 168) has also noted that au < *ab(s) "would make more sense"
in view of the perfect abstul.
have played a decisive role in the explicit rejection by WaldeHoffmann
1938 of the assumption ab > au. The authority of the most comprensive
Latin etymological dictionary was accepted without any discussion by
ErnoutMeillet in their dictionary (1959), as well as by the subsequent
handbooks (e.g. Leumann 1977: 157f., 561). A last echo of the opposite view
was heard from Marstrander (1928: 245), who writes that "a hat sich
offenbar in au entwickelt vor einem bilabialen f, dem es sich, um von ad
getrennt zu bleiben, nicht assimilierte."
As Muller already argued in 1920, Brugmann's reasoning that au was
retained in order to avoid the coalescence with aff < *adf, is built on
quicksand. Firstly, the assimilation of *adf > aff was a relatively recent
Latin development, as is shown by Oscan ad in adfust he will be present',
Umbrian afertur high priest', probably < *adbhertor, and Archaic Latin
apurfinem apud finem' (CIL 5, 4th century BC, Lake Fucinus), arfuise
adfuisse' (Senatus Consultum de Bacchanalibus, 186 BC). Thus, au would
have had to survive with a recognizable meaning well into Latin times. But
there are no indications that au ever existed in Faliscan, Sabellic, or Venetic.
Of course, since the other Italic languages are preserved in only a fraction of
the amount of evidence for Latin, it cannot be considered proven that *audid
not exist there; but neither is it very likely. Even less so since the
meaning of this au would have been the same or nearly the same as that of
ab. Secondly, the recent date of the assimilation *adf > aff also implies that
the preverb au changed from being a semantically recognizable preverb to
a nearly extinct one in a very short period of time. This cannot be
completely excluded, but I would regard it as very improbable. Thirdly, auwould
have been dropped everywhere but remained in front of f, in order
to disambiguate *affer (< *ab(s)) from affer (< *ad). This explanation is
untenable: a form cannot be preserved in order to remedy a future merger.
One could only assume that au was introduced from elsewhere to the
position in front of f, because aff had now become ambivalent. But in view
of the absence of au from the entire remaining Latin lexicon, this is
extremely unlikely. Fourthly, both Brugmann and Marstrander assume that
*ab(s)f would have phonetically yielded *aff, but this remains to be proven.
Unlike ob and especially sub, which are seen to assimilate their b to many
different following consonants (yielding, e.g., oc, of, og, om, op), no such
development is attested for ab.
The basic variant of the prefix is ab, corresponding to Umbrian ap in
apehtre from outside'.3 The voiced wordfinal stop in Latin points to Proto
3 Maybe also to Paelignian and Oscan compounds in af, viz. P. afded, O. aflakus, aflukad,
afstist, but the meaning and interpretation of these forms is very uncertain, cf. UNTERMANN
2000: 5660.
Italic *ap (compare Archaic Latin feced < *f"ket), 4 which must derive from PIE
*h3epo away'. The absence of final *o in Italic is problematic, but this
problem does not concern us now.5 The distribution of the allomorphs of
the prefix is as follows:6
before vowel and h abbefore
voiced dentals (d, i, l, n, r) ab
before s ab
before voiceless stops (p, t, c, qu) abs
before voiced labials (b, m, v)
before f au;
before l, v, m in some inscriptions af (as a preposition)
It is clear that ab was the original variant in front of vowels, whereas absis
always used in front of voiceless stops, apparently in order to avoid a
voiceless variant ap. The form abs is likely to be inherited, if we compare it
with Gr. back, again'; see Russell 1988 for more evidence and a theory
on the origin of preverbs and adverbs with and without *s. In front of pand
sp, dissimilation has led to a(s): asport, aspernor. In front of s, we
simply cannot see whether we are dealing with *ab or with *abs.
The interpretation of ab in front of voiced dentals and in front of
labials is less easy. Leumann 1940: 8 suggests an original distribution of abin
front of vowels, abs in front of consonants; he accordingly traces to
*abs. But there is no direct evidence for *s in front of the voiced obstruents;
its reconstruction is motivated by the parallellism with " < *eks out' as in
"uert, "merg, cf. Sommer 1914: 263. If *abs originally also stood in front of
voiced dentals, it is unclear why *absd did not yield d, or *absn > n.
One might assume that *abs was only introduced before voiced labials, in
order to avoid a collision of two labials; but nobody addresses this point.
4 SZEMERNYI (1973: 59) argues that "Italic as a whole shows the development of final voiceless
stops to voiced stops", whereas RUSSELL (1988: 151) is much more hesitant. Reconstructing
ProtoItalic *ap is problematic because of the Oscan prepositions ... under', p, op at', which
contrast with O. d < *t. The alternative explanation for Latin b is from voicing in front of
voiced anlaut, cf. SOMMER 1914: 275 who gives as an example abdc < *ap(o)douk.
5 ProtoItalic *h3ep might have been formed next to *h3eps on the example of *ek(s), cf. Sabellic
*ek (O. eh, U. eh, ehe, e, SPic. e) beside Latin ex, and Celtic *ek beside *eks; see RUSSELL 1988.
Similar problems surround sub < PIE *[s]upo and ob < PIE *h1opi. It has been argued that Venetic
shows traces of unapocopated *opi and *upo in compounds (cf. LEJEUNE 1974: 120122), but the
evidence consists only of names, and is therefore inconclusive.
6 The variants of the independent preposition are given by SOMMER 1914: 298 for Plautus: ab
usually before vowel, i, r; before v, p, b, m, f, c, qu, g, usually also before n, stronger
vacillation before t, d, l, s; abs often before t", tu; but also abs terr, aps qu, abs Pseudol. See
KOLLMANN (1976) for statistics on , ab, abs in other authors, and (1977) for a classification
according to the initial consonant of the following word.
And in any case, Latin shows no such scruples for ob and sub, which easily
combine with a following labial into obb (only in obbrt"sc), off, omm (only
in omitt; otherwise obm), opp, subb, suff, summ, supp.
It seems at least equally likely that ab in front of voiced dentals reflects sless
*ab, and that the same prefix yielded in front of voiced labials. In
fact, I think that the inscriptional evidence for the preposition af in front of
labials, which can hardly reflect *abs, confirms that we may posit *ab in
front of all voiced consonants. In addition, af shows that the development of
b may have been different after a than after o and u.
The form af occurs on a few inscriptions from Rome as well as from
outside town; in all cases, it concerns a preposition rather than a prefix. The
attestations have been discussed by Vine 1993: 175189, who concludes that
the original locus of af was in front of l and v followed by a back rounded
vowel: af.louco (CIL 2444, Nemus Dianae, 3rd/2nd century BC), afluc[o (CIL
2869, Ager Capenatis, ca. 200 BC), af.Lyco (CIL 728, Rome), af Lucretia (CIL VI
17780, Rome, 2nd3rd c. AD), af.vobeis (CIL 586, Epistula ad Tiburtes, ca. 159
BC). Vine (p. 188) infers that the bilabial stop was assimilated to the
following labial(ized) continuant, and af was probably pronounced as [a].
In his view, this is a "nonurban" treatment of ab. It may have been the case
that af remained in use as a technical term, explaining why we also find it in
some inscriptions in front of other consonants, e.g. in af.Capua (CIL 638, 132
BC, Tabula Popilliana, in Lucania), af.solo, af speculu. af.vinieis, af villa.
Praenestian af.muro (CIL 1471) may also contain an original instance of af,
since the noun also has a voiced labial plus back vowel. Finally, also the
form afvolant volant' in Paulus Diaconus, Epitoma Festi p. 26, would be
consistent with the inscriptional evidence for af in front of v.
Vine's account confirms the explanations mentioned above by Wlfflin,
Bral and Muller. Bral assumed a chain of developments ab > af > av > au
(whence aufer, aufugi) > (whence mitt, vert etc.). Commenting on the
evidence from inscriptions (the same which Vine used, except for CIL 2444
which was published in 1931), he notes that the change of ab to af appears to
be especially frequent in front of v, that this must have been the road to
vell and vert, and that the Romans probably pronounced avvert. If we
follow Vine in interpreting written af as /a/, we can simplify Bral's
schema by one degree: ab > a > au > . Maybe, we can even do with three
degrees: ab > a > au in front of f, and ab > a > in front of b, m, v.
The opposition between, on the one hand, aufer and aufugi, and, on the
other, fu (Pl.+), fore (Catul.+) to be absent' and flu to flow (away)'
(Cic.+), can hardly be explained from a different phonetic treatment of the
sequence *abf: the presence in Plautus of both variants, and the same
vowel u following on f in aufugi and fu leaves no room for such a game.
Here I adopt the solution first proposed by Wlfflin, viz. of a different
chronology: whereas au is the original phonetic outcome, can be
analogical after words in b, m, v. The question of why this analogy did not
reach aufer and aufugi must remain unanswered.
References:
BRAL, Maurice
1894: tymologies latines et grecques, Mmoires de la Socit de Linguistique de Paris
8, 4552 [8. La prposition AB devenue AF et A, p. 4849]
BRUGMANN, Karl
1911: Grundriss der vergleichenden Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen. Zweiter
Band: Lehre von den Wortformen und ihrem Gebrauch. Zweiter Teil. Strassburg:
Trbner.
ERNOUT, Alfred and Antoine MEILLET
1959: Dictionnaire tymologique de la langue latine. 4me dition, 3me tirage, Paris.
HERMANN, Eduard
1923: Silbenbildung im Griechischen und in den andern indogermanischen Sprachen,
Gttingen.
KOLLMANN, Ernst
1976: Observations on the occurrence of the parallel forms a' = ab' and e' = ex' in
Latin literature, Rheinisches Museum fr Philologie 119, 1429.
1977: Some more information on a and ab, Rheinisches Museum fr Philologie 120,
346364.
KROLL, Wilhelm
1913: M. Tulli Ciceronis orator: als Ersatz der Ausgabe von Otto Jahn, Berlin.
LEJEUNE, Michel
1974: Manuel de la langue vnte, Heidelberg.
LEUMANN, Manu
1940: Literaturbericht fr das Jahr 1937, Glotta 28, 121.
1977: Lateinische Laut und Formenlehre. Neuausgabe der 19261928 in 5. Auflage
erschienenen LLuF, Mnchen.
MARSTRANDER, Carl
1928: Review of F. Muller, Altitalisches Wrtebuch. In: Norsk tidsskrift for
sprogvidenskap 1, 243247.
MULLER, Frederik
1920: Zum lateinischen Prfix au, Zeitschrift fr vergleichende Sprachforschung 49,
112117.
POKORNY, Julius
1959: Indogermanisches Etymologisches Wrterbuch, Bern.
RUSSELL, Paul
1988: Preverbs, prepositions and adverbs: sigmatic and asigmatic, Transactions of
the Philological Society 86, 144172.
SOMMER, Ferdinand
1914: Handbuch der lateinischen Laut und Formenlehre, 2. und 3. Auflage, Heidelberg.
SOMMER, Ferdinand and Max PFISTER
1977: Handbuch der lateinischen Laut und Formenlehre. Vierte, neubearbeitete Auflage.
Band I: Einleitung und Lautlehre, Heidelberg.
LATIN AU AWAY', AN ALLOMORPH OF ABAnuari
de Filologia XXVXXVI D 12 20032004 7
SZEMERNYI, Oswald
1973: Markedunmarked and a problem of Latin diachrony, Transactions of the
Philological Society 1973, 5574.
UNTERMANN, Jrgen
2000: Wrterbuch des OskischUmbrischen, Heidelberg.
VINE, Brent
1993: Studies in Archaic Latin inscriptions, Innsbruck: IBS.
WALDE, Alois and Johann Baptist HOFFMANN
19381954: Lateinisches etymologisches Wrterbuch. Two volumes, Heidelberg.
W-LFFLIN, Eduard
1892: af', Archiv fr lateinische Lexikographie und Grammatik 7, 506.
shih emailin e dt. 09/04/09
Pastrimi gjuhesor ne Belgjike - ne vendin e Bastardit Albert i II-te (dicka qe nje shqiptar s'mund ta kuptoje dot) Nje dialog nga nje shkrim ne internet mbi pastyrimin gjuhesor ne Belgjike:
Good Morning, my name is Stefan Grech, this is my wife and this is my lovely daughter, she's six.
- Geen Engels hier, mijnheer. (No English here Sir.)
- Sorry?
- Alleen Nederlands. (Only Dutch.)
- Vous parlez Franais?
- Nee meneer, zeker geen Frans. Alleen Nederlands. (No Sir, definitively no French. Only Dutch.)
- Italiano?
- The lady nods intensely NO
- I start to get the impression that you understand what i'm saying.
- Nods YES. We spreken hier alleen Nederlands. U bent hier in Vlaanderen. (We only speak Dutch here. You are in Flanders here.)
- Would there be anyone else in the building who could help me?
- Nods intensely NO
- So, you do understand me.
http://2bloggen.org/2008/11/02/linguistic-cleansing-in-belgium-flanders/
Po sikur bastardi Alberti i II-te te arrije te njejten gje edhe ne Shqiperi, d.m.th. qe veriu te shkruaje vetem gegnisht dhe jugu vetem toskerisht, dhe pas disa dekadash pastrimi gjuhesor keto dy pjese te Shqiperise te mos merreshin dot vesh, aq sa ta shihnin njeri - tjetrin si armiq, ashtu sic e shohin frankofonet dhe falamanet njeri - tjetrin ne Belgjike? Belgjika eshte zemra e Evropes, Belgjika eshte modeli i Evropes. shih emailin e dt. 09/04/09
Etimologji: it. predire = angl. predict > rrenja lat. dict- it. predire = angl. predict > rrenja lat. dict- (kjo eshte rradha e formimit dhe jo e kunderta)
Njelloj vijne ketej dhe angl. dictate, dictation, dictator dhe shoqet e tyre ne gjuhet e latine, gjermanike etj..
Shih dhe dy emailet e meparshme. shih emailin e dt. 08/04/09
Etimologji: it. predire > it. pregare it. predire > it. pregare
Predire (pre + di + re) na shpjegon se c'don te thote pregare (pre + g, q' + ar, re + e, eshte).
Shih emailin e meparshem.
it. pregare = fr. prier = it. pray shih emailin e dt. 08/04/09
Etimologji: it. predire = angl. foretell it. predire = angl. foretell
predire < pre, br + di, them + re, mbret
predire > it. dire
foretell < fore. br + te, them + el, perendi
foretell > angl. tell shih emailin e dt. 08/04/09
Etimologji: ger. Wrack = angl. wreck ger. Wrack = angl. wreck shih emailin e dt. 08/04/09
Etimologji: ger. Erde = it. terra ger. Erde = it. terra
er = ra
de = ter
njelloj si
gr. topos < it. posto
gr. tokos < sllav. istok shih emailin e dt. 08/04/09
Etimologji: ger.weit = angl. wide ger. weite = angl. wide
weite lexohet vajt
wide lexohet uajd
Etimologjikisht jane e njejta fjale. shih emailin e dt. 08/04/09
Etimologji: it. alcuno= fr. aucune (al = au) it. alcuno= fr. aucune
njelloj si
altro = autre
alto = haut shih emailin e dt. 08/04/09
Etimologji: angl. former < danisht forhenvrende (shembull i barazimit mer = ver) angl. former < danisht forhenvrende
for, si shqipja para
hen < qen
mer = vr, ver < br
-ende mbares e mbiemrave me prejardhje foljore.
Krahaso mbaresn -end me angl. end, ending, ger. Ende shih emailin e dt. 08/04/09
Etimologji: bir dhe birinci (modele fjaleformimi ne turqisht) N turqisht bir sht numrori nj', ndrsa birinci don t thot i pare'. N fjalformimin e turqishteve bir dhe birinci ne shohim dhe kuptojm, si n mjaft shembuj t tjer, nj nga mnyrat kryesore t fjalformimit n gjuhn turke;
turq. bir < shqip i par < shqip i br < shqip br
Rrnja e Kodit te Shqipes 'br qndron n themel t gjith rreshtorve:
angl. first dhe ger. erste
it. primo, fr. premier (fjale te prejardhura it. premio, premiare)
Ktej kan ardhur dhe angl. fore-, for-, ger. vor-, holl. voor, rus. pered-, gr. pros- (kur kjo ka kuptimin para) e mjaft parashtesa t tjera. shih emailin e dt. 08/04/09
Etimologji: Les dbuts de la lexicographie franaise (gjithmone na del perpara shekulli i 16-te) Ekstrakt:
0. lntroduction
"Pour tre fructueuse, la consultation des dictionnaires doit s'accompagner d'une information sur le contenu de ces rpertoires, comme sur les problmes et les piges qu'ils dissimulent. La simple concordance chronologique entre un texte et un ouvrage de rfrence ne suffit pas habiliter les renseignements fournis par ce dernier. Sans un minimum de connaissance critique on risque de se mprendre sur la porte et les limites de ces informations; elles dpendent, en effet, des problmes lexicographiques qui se trouvaient poss l'auteur et des solutions qu'il leur a apportes. Seule, une juste estimation de ces deux facteurs garantit le jugement qu'on peut porter sur les dictionnaires anciens et modernes tous complexes et en gnral mal connus." [1] Le manque a donc t senti pour la lexicographie franaise en gnral; il l'a surtout t pour ses dbuts dont Ferdinand Brunot disait dj : "Au XVIe sicle, les dictionnaires nous fournissent des matriaux, souvent utiles, aucun ne peut tre considr comme l'inventaire de la langue du temps. partir de 1606 [le Thresor de Nicot], il en est tout autrement, et l'tude des lexiques s'impose par consquent avec une tout autre necessit qui veut suivre l'histoire du lexique". [2] Le "Trsor critique des lexiques du XVIIe sicle" dont il souhaite la constitution [3] sera plus tard inscrit au programme du Centre d'tude du Vocabulaire Franais de Besanon; [4] le directeur de ce centre, B. Quemada, ajoute ailleurs: "On est surpris par l'absence de monographies sur la srie des remaniements d'Estienne qui, de 1539 1628, recle les principales transformations ayant ouvert la voie aux ralisations monolingues". [5]
Comme l'a dmontr B. Quemada, [6] l'examen des pices liminaires est indispensable la connaissance des dictionnaires. Qui plus est, la comparaison des titres et prfaces, de diffrents lexiques comme des diffrentes ditions d'un mme dictionnaire, est ncessaire pour tablir des filiations. En confrontant ces pices avec le texte du dictionnaire, on arrive une plus juste apprciation de la contribution originale de tel ou tel lexicographe, et rendre compte de dclarations trompeuses parce qu'elles sont hrites.
Dans l'tude que nous faisons du Thresor de la langue franoyse et des dictionnaires apparents, nous laissons parler autant que possible le lexicographe, non seulement dans les pices liminaires (c'est plus souvent l'imprimeur que l'auteur qui y prend la parole), mais galement, et surtout, dans le texte du dictionnaire. Nicot est un des lexicographes les plus intressants cet gard, car une mtalangue explicite cre presque de toutes pices, il joint un discours 'mtalexicographique', celui de l'nonciation, (par exemple: "NEVTRE ... est mot grammatical dont i'ay souuent vs aux verbes en ce Dictionaire"). Dans les frquentes citations que nous faisons du Thresor, du Dictionaire franois-latin ou d'autres lexiques de l'poque, nous respectons intgralement l'orthographe originale, l'exception de certains caractres employes dans la justification, tels le tilde que nous remplaons par la consonne nasale appropriee, ou '9' utilis la place de la terminaison '-us'. [7]
Contrepartie des dclarations de l'auteur, la raction de l'usager fait galement l'objet d'une tude qui s'inspire en partie de modles labors par A. Rey et J. Rey-Debove. [8] Il s'agit de l'usager d'aujourd'hui, le seul dont nous partagions la comptence.
La typologie des ouvrages combine les deux points de vue, celui du lexicographe et celui de l'utilisateur.
0.1. Dficiences des dictionnaires
0.1.1. En gnral
"Je place au premier rang des plus honorables ouvriers de la littrature les grammairiens, les lexicographes, les dictionnaristes. Si leurs dictionnaires sont mauvais, ce n'est presque jamais leur faute. C'est d'abord celle de la langue, qui n'est pas bien faite." L'opinion de Charles Nodier [9] n'est pas partage par la plupart des historiens de la lexicographie qui attribuent volontiers les insuffisances de celle-ci ses praticiens, et qui il arrive d'aller avec l'abb Bellet jusqu' se demander "si [les dictionnaires] se multiplient aujourd'hui pour le progrs ou pour la ruine des lettres". [10]
Les critiques modernes, plus objectifs, s'attacheront plutt l'examen des types et des mthodes des realisations lexicographiques, et noteront, par exemple, que "Beaucoup de dictionnaires /./ fournissent aux usagers le tableau d'une langue qui tait dj prime". [11]
0.1.2. Le XVIe sicle et le dbut du XVIIe sicle
C'est la premire priode de la lexicographie franaise qui soulvera le plus grand nombre de critiques, et le ct archaque des rpertoires ne manquera pas d'tre observ. [12] Celui-ci est d en partie au plagiat et la contrefaon qui cette poque sont "d'usage, pour ne pas dire de rgle", [13] d aussi la manie de compiler, faute d'une mthode scientifique. "Car les hommes de ce temps, s'ils ont compil -- s'ils ont avant tout compil, s'ils ont presque uniquement compil -- c'est que, pour conqurir les secrets du monde, pour forcer la nature dans ses retraites, ils n'avaient rien: ni armes, ni outils, ni plan d'ensemble." [14] Comment, en effet, parler de mthode rigoureuse dans un sicle o il y a "partout: fantaisie, imprcision, inexactitude. Le fait d'hommes qui ne savent mme pas leur ge exactement"? [15] La "variation continuelle" de la langue [16] ne faisant que reflter le climat intellectuel, un Tory fera remarquer l'absence d'une grammaire, [17] un Du Bellay celle d'un vocabulaire philosophique, [18] ou encore en 1579, un Joubert, l'exemple d'un Dubois ou d'un Meigret, qualifiera l'orthographe de cacographie. [19] Le concept mme de syntaxe est imprcis avant le XVIIe sicle. [20]
A-t-on donc le droit de s'tonner de ce que "les Dictionnaires /./ sont si mal ordonnez" [21] et ont de nombreuses lacunes? "De ce qu'ils ne contiennent pas un mot, il n'y a rien conclure." [22] "La langue franaise tait loin d'tre pauvre /./ Seulement sa richesse n'tait pas ordonne et organise. Personne n'en avait fait un inventaire complet, personne ne pouvait la connatre tout entire." [23] Ainsi, pauvret apparente, richesse relle; dcalage qui se retrouve dans une certaine mesure dans les dictionnaires du temps. D'une part ils prsentent une nomenclature lacunaire; d'autre part ils font suivre les entres d'un certain nombre de dveloppements lexicographiques -- dfinitions, commentaires, exemples d'emploi. Or il se trouve que plus les articles sont longs, plus ils risquent de receler des termes qui manquent aux entres. On parlera alors, d'une part, de la nomenclature consultable, d'autre part, des dcouvertes de lecture.
0.1.3. Les dcouvertes de lecture
Ce dernier phnomne, reconnu pour la premire priode de la lexicographie franaise au moins depuis le dbut de ce sicle, [24] est loin d'y tre particulier. Aucun dictionnaire contenant des dveloppements lexicographiques rdigs dans la langue d'entre n'y chappe. titre d'exemple, nous donnons ci-dessous un relev de quelques mots ainsi dissimuls dans les principaux rpertoires de la langue franaise depuis le XVIe sicle jusqu' nos jours:
Estienne 1539
diffinir (s.v. Arrester)
faincte (s.v. Aimer)
revente (s.v. Acheter)
siage (s.v. Ais)
substantif (s.v. Avoir)
Nicot 1606
onomatopoee (s.v. Bourdon)
opifice (ibid.)
partie, t. de musique (ibid.)
pelerinage (ibid.)
phrase (ibid.)
picquon (ibid.)
pivoter (ibid.)
pommete (ibid.)
proceder = 'provenir' (ibid.)
quarte, t. de musique (ibid.)
quinte, t. de musique (ibid.)
Cotgrave 1611
avoir, auxiliaire (s.v. A)
equinoctial (s.v. Heure)
Italien (s.v. A)
nervis/Neris (s.v. Herbe)
Sardonique (s.v. Herbe)
tu (s.v. A)
Monet 1635
an, prp. (s.v. A, 1e col.) [25]
an, pron. (ibid.)
article, t. de grammaire (ibid.)
correspondant, adj. (ibid.)
particule (ibid.)
Littr 1863-77 [26]
germanique, n.m. = 'langue -' (s.v. Feston)
incident, n.m., t. de grammaire (s.v. Holophrastique)
jambe des Barbades (s.v. lphantiasis)
languedocien (s.v. Enganter)
partitivement (s.v. Furieusement)
phoque trompe (s.v. lphant)
Dictionnaire gnral 1890-1900
automobile, adj. (s.v. Voiture)
automobile, n.f. (s.v. Voiture)
scandinave (s.v. Ralingue)
squamoderme (s.v. Chetodon)
Reference
http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/~wulfric/edicta/shaw/frame.htm
http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/~wulfric/edicta/wooldridge/deb_tab2.htm shih emailin e dt. 08/04/09
Etimologji: Le vocabulaire du btiment chez Nicot
http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/~wulfric/articles/index.html
http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/~wulfric/articles/batiment/bat1.htm
http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/~wulfric/articles/batiment/bat2.htm
http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/~wulfric/articles/batiment/bat3.htm
http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/~wulfric/articles/batiment/bat4.htm shih emailin e dt. 08/04/09
Etimologji: studime ne fushe te leksikut - fjale te krijuara ne gjuhen frenge ne shek. e 16-te Referenca:
http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/~wulfric/articles/index.html
http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/~wulfric/articles/batiment/bat1.htm
http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/~wulfric/articles/batiment/bat2.htm
http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/~wulfric/articles/batiment/bat3.htm
http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/~wulfric/articles/batiment/bat4.htm
Ja nje faqje e tille:
1. Introduction
Dans le dictionnaire, les marques d'usage constituent une approche des vocabulaires thmatiques. Dans le texte du Thresor de la langue franoyse (1606), l'on rencontre des terme de maon , mot usit en maonnerie , en fait de maons , les maons en usent par metaphore , en massonnerie , ainsi par les massons dit , en matiere de menuiserie , en cas de menuyserie , en fait de charpenterie , mot fort usit entre charpentiers , les charpentiers par metaphore en usent , que les architectes nomment , en cas d'architecture . Le vocabulaire des mtiers de la construction et de l'art de construire, tel qu'il est reprsent dans le Thresor, peut tre apprhend, dans un premier temps, travers les articles qui contiennent une occurrence d'une des formes de maon/maonnerie, menuisier/menuiserie, charpentier/charpenterie ou architecte/architecture. [1] Les articles du Thresor renfermant au moins une de ces formes sont les suivants (la frquence de chaque forme est indique entre parenthses):
a) les formes maon (12) / masson (12) / maons (12) / massons (3) / maonnerie (8) / massonnerie (16)
AIDE, ARESTE, ASSIETTE, ASTRAGALE, AUGE, AUGEE, BASTIMENT, BASTISSEUR, BLANCHISSAGE, BOUCLER, CHAAS, CHABLE, CHARGE, CHARPENTERIE, CHENE, CHETE, CRESPISSURE, EDIFICE, EMBRASURE, ENTABLEMENT, ESPAULETES, ESQUIERRE, FRIT, GASCHE, GASCHER, LARMIER, LICT, LIGNE, MAISTRE, MARDLLE, MASSON, MASSONNERIE, MORTIER, MUEL, NIVEAU, PIC, PI, PLINTHE, PLOMB, PLOMMER, REMASSONNER, SUEIL, TESTU, TRIGLYPHES shih emailin e dt. 08/04/09
Love is never wrong. = .5 ..., .5 .5
rusp shqip shih Reconsidering Dutch rups, German Raupe 'caterpillar'. In: Amsterdamer Beitrge zur lteren Germanistik 54, 151-174 http://www.mdevaan.nl/research/publications.htm
squash, squish, squeeze
splash shih shpelaj shih spray
Tefik < Tevfik si Theofil
mode, moda, modern shih OED, modern Shkurtime: OED - Online Etymology Dictionary
Buluh Kasap = rough bamboo in Malay
Envy (Hasad): Hasad means to hate that the other person has even received the blessing in the first place Hasad, hate, envy; discontented; harvester shih sahat Saud, felicity has si kas te kasap
Etimologji: studime ne fushe te leksikut - fjale te krijuara ne gjuhen frenge ne shek. e 16-te
Etimologji: latinishtja sapere Na vjen mir kur lexojm qoft dhe gjysm te vrteta n fush t etimologjis, pasi t vrtetat nuk thuhen kurr. Le t shohim se 'thuhet n nj faqe kulinarie (kuzhine) franceze, n faqen 2:
Etymologie
Savoir et saveur : en franais, ces deux mots ont la mme tymologie, ils viennent du latin sapere
http://www.lemangeur-ocha.com/fileadmin/contenusocha/OCHA-question-alim-modele_01.pdf
Ktu ne shohim se
savoir = saveur = sapere
se
voir = veur = pere
Pr italishten sapere ne kemi folur m 12 mars 2008, dy dit para se t ndodhte ngjarja e Grdecit:
Etimologji: italishtja sapere, me dit, por edhe dije
Frngjishtja savoir (lexohet sa + vu + ar) = it. sapere ku
vu = pe dhe ar = re
Por, voir [vu + ar] ka marr kuptimin shoh si te shqipja v re (shikoj). Kjo v re (nga ka dal vrejtje, por edhe i vrenjtur) e shqipes, po t'i shtojm foljen them (de) n mes, na jep italishten vedere, shikoj. Pra, voir = vedere = v re. Edhe ktu shohim se italishtja u shton fjalve frnge nga nj 'de' n mes.
Edhe shqipja vuaj ka lidhje me kt voir. Kujtoni shprehjet sinonimike shqipe 'm kan par syt (edhe me kuptimin sa kam vuajtur). Sipas Kodit t Shqipes voir (vuar] = vuaj, sepse ar aj, ai.
Nga sapere kan dal sapienza, sapevole, sapevolezza dhe mjaft fjal t tjera. Pra, zbrthimi i nj fjale sjell me vete automatikisht edhe t zbrthimin e t gjitha fjalve t prejardhura n at gjuh dhe n gjuht e tjera t familjes s asaj gjuhe.
Nj trajt t ngjashme t voir dhe vedere apo v re sht dhe anglishtja be aware of. Kjo kuptohet po ta bashkojm anglishten be aware of n beaware*, nj trajt q s'ekziston, por q na tregon se be aware of nuk sht vetm prgjegjsja angleze e voir dhe vedere, por ka t njjtat rrnj me vedere dhe voir:
be + aw + ar + e, q po t'i krahasojm na japin:
Be = ve + aw = ay (q ktu duket sikur sht tepr) + ar = re dhe e, sht. Edhe nga aware e anglishtes m pas sht krijuar awareness, vetdije, por po t shkojm m tej do t shohim se nga aware kan dal mjaft fjal n gjuht gjermanike si bewahren deri sa prfundojm te fjala wahr, e cila bn lidhjen e wahr me it. vero, fr. vrai.
Pra, 'muhabeti' sjell 'muhabetin', nga nj koncept dalim tek tjetri, dhe kshtu plotsohet pak e nga pak harta etimologjike e gjuhs botrore, e cila na on te Kodi i Shqipes, atje ku e ka burimin fjala.
A e shikoni se si ne nisemi nga sapere, prshkojm disa gjuh pr t kuptuar q italishtja sapere = italishten vero? Kto jan mrekullira, dyert e Sezamit i hap vetm Kodi i Shqipes. shih emailin e dt. 08/04/09attend, attention, attenzione, intend, intenzione, intention, intendersi, contendersi, contentious, contenzioso, pretention, pretendere, pretext, pretesto
louer fr. elogiare, eulogy laudare, lvduar Vladimir
trust true, truth
commend angl. it. commendare it. raccommandare, angl. recommend shih complimentare shih eulogize
frher = vorher (etimologjikisht)
angl. -ward, ger. -wrts (forward, vorwrts) shih maessig, holl. matig
voormalig hol. voormalig < voor + ma + li + g, ge dan. forhenvrende < para qen br dan. forhenvrende > ger. vorwaerts
defunto, compianto dead recently
.5 after, (en) retard, (in) ritardo, tardi ritardare, be late, vonohem, i vonuar late, later, latest slovakisht neskoro, not shortly afternoon
Greek prefix eu- (.5-) shih http://www.myetymology.com/greek/eu-.html
-.5.5 sufiks grek shih angl. -ize, lat. -izare te http://www.myetymology.com/english/eulogize.html
Etimologji: italishtja disturbare it. disturbare > it. disturbato, disturbo > angl. disturb etj.
it. disturbare > it. turbare, turbarsi, turbante, turbando, turbato, turbamento,
it. disturbare > angl. stir, stirre, bestir, ger. stren
it. disturbare > angl. trouble, fr. trouble, troubler, shqipja turbulloj, turbulluar, turbullim etj.
it. disturbare > it. turbolento, turbulloj, turbullim, i turbulluar, angl. trubulent etj.
disturbare < di + stur + bare
-stur- eshte pjese e vargut astar, aster, astor, ...sider, sidero ... star, ster, stir .. stra, stre, stri... etj.
bare < shqipja br
-bulluar- te shqipja turbulluar = vorbull
uar = vor + bull
tormen(ta)re < turbare (alternimi men, vjen me bare, br)
turbare < disturbare < di + stur + bare
-stur- te disturbare = angl. stir, trazoj
Po keshtu,
it. disturbare > it. turbare > it. perturbare
Arkimedi: "Noli turbare circulos meos!" " ... ... ... !"
Etimologjikisht, angl. destroy = disturb
Disturbare ka lidhje te ngushte etimologjike dhe me it. rompere (il silenzio) dhe angl. disrupt, it. interrompere dhe angl. interrupt, it. interferire dhe angl. interfere. shih emailin e dt. 08/04/09
Etimologji: ger. vorwrts = angl. forward = shqip prpara < br (bj) para ger. vorwrts = angl. forward = shqip prpara < br (bj) para.
Pr prejardhjen e ktyre ndajfoljeve nga gjuha shqipe s'besojm se duhet t ket kush dyshim.
for, vor, para = war, wr, br
por,
for, vor kan marr kuptimin prpara dhe -ward, -wrts tregojn ktu drejtim.
Fjale te ndrtuara n gjuhn angleze me -ward:
coastward, leeward, leftward, moonward, northeastward, poleward, rightward, riverward, selfward, shoreward, skyward, southeastward, southwestward, sternward, sunward, vanward, windward, cityward, godward, northwestward, onward, romeward, seaward, waterward, whitherward, landward, manward, sideward, backward, churchward, downward, earthward, eastward, forward, froward, hayward, heavenward, hindward, hitherward, inward, northward, outward, southward, usward, westward
http://www.myetymology.com/english/-ward.html shih emailin e dt. 07/04/09
Etimologji: ek. b.5val.5 = hol. voormalig ek. b.5val.5 = hol. voormalig
b.5, vij alternohet me voor, br
val.5 = mali
va = ma
ly = li
hol. voormalig > ger. ehemalig
voor alternohet ketu me e, eshte
he = qe, ishte shih emailin e dt. 07/04/09
Etimologji: gr. meso = angl. mean gr. meso = angl. mean
me + so, an
ku so, an jane pjese te vargut te rrenjes se Kodit te Shqipes 'jam'.
Fjale te prejardhura ku perfshihet dhe parashtesa meso-
Mesoamerica, mesoblast, mesocarp, mesocephalic, mesoderm, mesogastrium, mesoglea, Mesolithic, mesomere, mesomorph, mesomorphic, meson, mesonephros, mesopause, mesopelagic, mesophyll, mesophyte, Mesopotamia, mesosome, mesosphere, mesothelioma, mesothelium, mesothorax, mesothorium, Mesozoic.
Referenc:
http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/meso- shih emailin e dt. 07/04/09
Etimologji: lat. proclivitas = shqip te prunjunite (Frang Bardhi) lat. proclivitas = shqip te prunjunite (Frang Bardhi)
proclivitas < 1 pro, br 2. pro + c + li + vi 1. ui, ai 2. vij + tas
ku -livi = angl. gjalle
Kisha arriti te perkule te gjithe ata qe nuk pranonin ne shekullin e 16-te se Krishti do te kthehet gjalle. Prandaj dhe proclivitas ka lidhje me shqipen e sotme perkul:
procli = perkul
Prunjunite e kohes se Frang Bardhit vjen nga :
pr + unjem < ulem
Perse?
Per te kuptuar unjem = ulem
ne duhet te kuptojme barazimin:
proclivus = inclinus
cliv = cliu = clin
v = u = n
nga pseudo- rrenja clin vjen greqishtja .
Edhe shqipet gjunj, gjunjzoj, gjunjzohem, gr. .5, fr. genou, it. ginocchio, angl. knee, ger. Knie, fr vijn te gjitha nga shqipja unjem < ulem. Po keshtu dhe dan. kn, isl. icelandic knje, nor. kne, sued. kn. Keto fjale (emra e folje) etimologjikisht vijne nga te njejtat rrenje nga vijne shqipja njoh, angl. know, ger. kennen.
Etimologjia nuk eshte nje dije per qorra si qorrat e Erazmit apo te paditurit e Kuzanos. Te besh etimologji don te thote te udhehiqesh nga Kodi i Shqipes. shih emailin e dt. 06/04/09
essen ger. shih dhe semesus, gjysm i ngrn
Etimologji: lat. semesus < gr. mesos < shqipja mes = ger. mit te mitten lat. semesus < se + -mesus < gr. mesos < shqipja mes = ger. mit te mitten
ger. mitten > angl. middle (permes alternimit te panevojshem ten, ter > der > dle; er me le) shih emailin e dt. 06/04/09 shih dhe semianimus, semesus dhe halbezzan Shih misto
Etimologji: it. anima < spanjishtja alma it. anima < spanjishtja alma
Eshte keshtu dhe jo e kunderta pasi kemi:
spanj. alma = angl. soul, ger. Seele
al = ul, el
ma, so dhe se jane trajta te foljes shqipe jam. Shih per kete kodin e shqipes shih emailin e dt. 06/04/09
Etimologji: it. provedere = angl. provide > it. fornire it. provedere = angl. provide > it. fornire
fornire < pro + vi (te provide) + re (te provedere). Sic shihet fornire eshte nje nga foljet per te cilen eshte menduar pak me gjate. shih emailin e dt. 06/04/09
Etimologji: fr. prevoir > fr. prevenir = angl. prevent = lat. prohibere fr. prevoir > fr. prevenir = angl. prevent = lat. prohibere
sepse voir [vuar} = venir
vu si bu, fu, pu, wu = ven, vjen
Shih se c'kemi thene ne per v re, voir, vedere shih emailin e dt. 06/04/09
Etimologji: angl. blame = shqipen flam angl. blame = shqipen flam
E kemi fjalen per flamn, ate fjale me te cilen mallkojne shqiptaret. shih emailin e dt. 06/04/09
Etimologji: lat. culpa = angl. fault lat. culpa = angl. fault
Ky barazim eshte me i thjeshte per t'u kuptuar sesa barazimi i meparshem guilty = fajtor sepse
ulpa = faul
ul + pa = fa shih emailin e dt. 06/04/09
Etimologji: angl. guilty = shqipen fajtor Te angl. guilty = shqipen fajtor kemi
uil = faj
ty = tor shih emailin e dt. 06/04/09
Etimologji: gr. gaia = turq. yer = angl. gro te ground gr. gaia = turq. yer = angl. gro te ground
Te gaia, yer dhe gro kemi alternime te rrenjeve te shqipes Ai dhe Ar. Shih emailin e dt. 06/04/09
Etimologji: shqipja kapercej
Shqipja kapercej eshte nje folje e krijuar njelloj si ger. berwinden dhe angl. overcome.
Te kaprcyer (te foljet e shqipes duhen marre ne shqyrtim si rregull, kemi sterthene, pjesoret) ne dallojme:
kaper + cyer
-cyer = prap. e infinitivit it. -care, -cere, -cire ... -gare ... apo fr. -guer, -quer e kshtu me rradhe.
K, q
aper = over < ap, ov + er
ap, au, ai = ov, ou, au, ai
over zberthehet ne dy menyra:
o = ver
ov + er
Njelloj si kapercej zberthehen dhe kercej, kaleroj, kaloj.
shih emailin e dt. 06/04/09
Reihe ger. shih angl. row, it. riga, righe, shqip rrug, angl. rug shqip rrudha, rradh
angl. sigh, sued. sucka, angl. suck shih ger. seufzen, hol. zuchten
Zchten, breed shih verzichten
Waffe = weapon
kapern ger. shih. lat. capere, shqip cap, angl. capture
Etimologji: gr. , < krivo, kriven fajtor = lat. crimen faj Foljet greke , duan te thone me u fsheh, fshihem. Para se te thoshte greku , , ka thene sllavi kriven, fajtor dhe eruditet latine te pas 1500-es crimen, krim.
Crimen = kriven < kri, krye, re, mbret + vjen
Krishti u denua vecse tha "Une do te vij perseri ne toke".
Me date 25 dhjetor 2008 ne ju kemi derguar kete email:
Etimologji: lat. crimen < sllavisht kriv(en) < shqipja (si) kre, krye vjen
Thame qe crimen, e cila ka dhene > criminare, incriminare, discriminare, etj. vjen nga shqipja " kre, krye + vjen. Na mungonte hallka lidhese, e gjetem dhe ate:
lat. crimen < sllavisht kriv(en) < shqipja (si) kre, krye vjen !!!!
Po me daten 25 dhjetor 2008 ju kemi derguar dhe kete emailin tjeter:
discerner
Etimologji: angl. discern = gr. .5
Barazimi eshte i qarte:
.5 = discern, dalloj, v re dika
ka vleren e parashteses dis-
-.5 = -cern
shih emailin e dt. 25/12/08
Etimologji: angl. discern = gr. .5 < discriminate
Thame se angl. discern = gr. .5. Le ta vazhdojme me tej zberthimin e tyre:
angl. discern = gr. .5 < angl. discriminate, lat. discriminare
Discriminate thone se vjen nga criminate, e cila eshte e barabarte me incriminate ?! Si ka mundesi qe nje pohim te jete i barabarte me nje mohim? Ky eshte nje paradoks qe e tregon edhe barazimi:
mohim = pohim
mo, wo, po = po
por, per te kuptuar keto gjera duhet te kesh kuptuar me pare shume nga ato gjera qe ju kemi thene. Dhe ne, ndryshe nga Dija e derisotme, s'kemi kursyer, nuk kemi mbajtur per vete, asnje te fshehte nga ato gjera qe kemi zbuluar.
Keshtu, nga incriminate ka dale folja incriminate per vete arsyen qe bejme edhe sot dallim mes nje te akuzuari e te denuari me pjesen tjeter te shoqerise.
Duke pare shkallen teper te larte te inkriminimit te shoqerise shqiptare, rezulton se shume pak familje kane mbetur sot te panjollosura. Njollosja e mbare shoqerise eshte nje objektiv te cilen Feja ngulmon ta shtrije ne mbare shoqerine, e qe shteti i Monarkove po e realizon cdo dite e me shume. Njollosja = mekat, por pa Mekatin Fese nuk do t'i mbetej asnje Objekt per veprimtarine e saj.
Keshtu: lat. crimen (Krimi i Krishtit, qe predikonte ringjalljen, ardhjen e tij ne Toke > lat. criminari > lat. incriminare > lat. discriminare > angl. discern, fr. discerner, discernare, gr. .5 > lat. cernere, fr. cerner, spanj. cernir
crimen < cri, kre, kreu, krye + wen, vjen
Referenca:
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/crime
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/criminate
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/incriminate
shih emailin e dt. 06/04/09
Etimologji: angl. rug = shqipen rrugic (qilim i vogl) angl. rug = shqipen rrugic (qilim i vogl) shih emailin e dt. 06/04/09
Etimologji: shqipja cironk Pr cironkn zoti abej te Stud. Gjuh. faqe 93 thot se ajo vjen nga greqishtja e re ciros dhe se qenka nj 'fjal me burim t dyshimt'. Duke mos dyshuar aspak q zoti abeu e dinte mir si greqishten ashtu dhe Dogmn e Krishtere, sht pr t'u habitur sesi ai nuk dalloi te cironka e shqipes , Theos Qirios me t ciln psallmet e mngjesit te kishave bizantine dhe lindore (psallmin 117 sipas numrimit t Septuagints).
Cironks nuk i thon tsiros, ciros vetm n greqisht, por edhe n turqisht. Lidhjen me Krishtit, Zotit Ton, dhe peshkut e shohim dhe te simboli i tij, q sht peshku: , ichthys ose ichthus, nj akronim i , .
Referenc
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theos_Kyrios
http://www.macedoniantruth.org/forum/showthread.php?t=926 shih emailin e dt. 06/04/09
Etimologji: nje fjalor fantastik turqisht - greqisht - anglisht (dhurate ne internet nga nje Maqedon) http://www.macedoniantruth.org/forum/showthread.php?t=926 TURKISH ENGLISH GREEK
Adet Custom Adeti
Afaroz Excommunicate Aforismos
Aga Land owner Agas
Ahmak Idiot Ahmakis
Ahtapot Octopus Htapodi
Alan Area, ground Alana
Alarga Open sea, distant Alarga
Aman For mercy's sake Aman
Anadolu Anatolia (East in Greek) Anatoli
Ananas Pineapple Ananas
Anason Aniseed Anithos
Anfora Anchor Amphoreus
Angarya Forced labor Angaria
Aptal Stupid Abdalis
Apukurya Carnival Apokria
Arap Negro, bogyman Arapis
Arnavut Albanian Arnautis
Asik Someone in love Asikis
Atlet Athlete Athlitis
Avanak Gullible, stupid Avanakis
Ayran A drink Ariani Baba - Father - Babas
Baca - Chimney - Batzias
Bacak - Leg, leg of trousers in G.- Batzaki
Bacanak - Brother in law - Batjanakis
Baglama - A string instrument - Baglamas
Bahce - Garden - Bahtses
Bahsis - Tip - Baxisi
Bakir - Copper - Bakiri
Bakkal - Grocer - Bakkalis
Baklava - Baklava - Baklavas
Balta - Ax - Baltas
Bamya - Okra - Bamia
Barbunya - A fish - Barbunia
Barut - Gunpowder - Baruti
Battaniye - Woolen Blanket - Batania
Batakci - Swindler - Bataxis
Bayrak - Flag - Bairaki
Bekar - Batchelor - Bekiaris
Bekri - Drunk - Bekris
Bela - Trouble - Belas
Benzin - Petrol, gas - Benzina
Bereket - Abundance, plenty - Bereket
Beton - Concrete - Beton
Bey - Mr. - Beis
Bezelye - Pea - Bizeli
Biber - Pepper - Piperi
Biftek - Steak - Bifteki
Bodrum - Cellar, dungeon - Boudroumi
Bomba - Bomb - Bomba
Bostan - Vegetable field, garden - Bostani
Bora - Storm - Bora
Boya - Paint - Bogia
Borek - Pastry, pie - Boureki
Bre - Hi, you - Vre
Budala - Idiot - Boudalas
Bulgur - Boiled wheat - Bligouri
But - Thigh - Bouti
Buz - Ice, very cold - Bouzi
Buzuki - Bouzouki - Bouzouki Cacik - A drink with cucumbers- Tzatziki
Caka - Swagger, vanity - Tsaka
Cam - Window pane - Tzami
Cami - Mosque - Tzami
Cambaz - Acrobat, dealer in G.- Tzambazis
Cenabet - Crabbed person - Tzanabetis
Cep - Pocket - Tsepi
Cereme - Fine or cost of damage- Tzeremes
Cezve - Coffee Pot - Tzesves
Ciger - Liver, lungs - Tziyeri
Cimbiz - Tweezers - Tsimpida
Cuce - Dwarf - Tsutzes
Cadir - Tent - Tsiantiri
Cakirkeyif - Slightly drunk - Tsakir-kefi
Cali - Thorny plant - Tsiali
Calim - Flexibility, show off - Tsalimi
Cam - Pine tree - Tsami
Canak - Shallow bowl - Tsanaki
Canta - Handbag - Tsanta
Capacul - Untidy - Tsapatulis
Capari - Weight anchor - Tsapari
Capkin - Seducer, coquettish - Tsahpinis
Capraz - Crossed - Tsaprazi
Cardak - Hut of dried branches - Tsardaki
Carsi - Market - Charsi
Carik - Rustic shoe - Tsarouhi
Catal - Fork - Tsatala
Catra Patra - Stumbling speech - Tsatra patra
Cavus- Sergeant - Tsausis
Cay - Tea - Tsai
Celebi - Pleasant man, mentor - Tselebis
Cember - Circle - Tsemperi
Cengel - Hook - Tsingeli
Ciklet - Chewing gum - Tsikla
Ciftetelli- A dance - siftetelli
Ciftlik - Large country estate - Tsifliki
Cifit - Tight in money - Tsifoutis
Cimento - Cement - Tsimento
Cinko - Zinc - Tsingos
Ciftlik - Big farm, property - Tsifliki
Cirak - Apprentice - Tsiraki
Cipura- A fish - Tsipura
Ciroz - A fish - Tsiros
Coban - Shepherd - Tsobanis
Corap - Woolen sock- Tsurapis
Corba - soup - Tsorbas
Corek - Large bun - Tsoureki
Cotra - File fish - Tsotra Dalavere - Trick, deceit- Dalavere
Dalga - Wave (sorrow, love in G.)- Dalka
Dantel - Lace - Ntantella
Darbuka - Drum - Ntarbuka
Davul - Drum - Ntauli
Defne - Laurel - Dafni
Defter- Notebook - Tefteri
Demet - Bouquet- Demati
Dervis - Dervish - Dervisis
Dert - Sorrow, trouble- Derti
Despot - Despot - Despotis
Diploma- Diploma- Diploma
Direk- Pole - Ntereki
Divan- Sofa - Divani
Diyakos - Deacon - Diakos
Dogru - Straight - Dogrou
Domates- Tomatoes - Ntomates
Dolap- Cupboard- Ntoulapi
Dolma - Stuffed leaves - Ntolmas
Drahoma - Dowry - Trahoma
Duvar- Wall - Ntouvari
Dumbelek - Small drum - Toumbeleki
Dumen - Rudder, steering wheel- Timoni
Dunya - World - Dounya
Duzine - Dozen - Ntouzina
Efendi - Gentleman - Afendis
Eksen - Axis - Axonas
Enginar - Artichoke - Anginara
Evlek - A measure of land - Avlakia Firin Oven Fourno
Falcata Shoemaker's knife- Faltseta
Fanus Lantern, lampglass- Fanos
Faras Dust pan - Farasi Farfara- Empty headed, frivolity- Farfara
Fasulye - Bean - Fasoulia
Fener - Lantern - Fanari
Ferman - Sultan's word - Firmani
Fincan- Cup - Flitzani
Findik- Walnut - Fountouki
Firca - Brush - Vourtsa
Firkete- Hairpin - Fourketa
Fidan - Plant, sapling - Fidani
Filozof- Philosopher- Filosofos
Fisek- Cartridge- Fiseki
Fistan- Woman's dress- Foustani
Fistik - Pistacchio Nuts - Fistiki
Fitil - Fuse - Fitili
Fol - Nest egg (Pros)- Folia
Fukara - Poor, Hopeless - Fukaras Gaf - Mistake, blunder - Gafa
Gaile - Care , Difficulty- Gaila
Galeta- Breadcrumbs- Galeta
Gargara - Gargle- Gargara
Gazoz - Fizzy water - Gazoza
Gem - Horse bridle - Gemi
Gemici - Sailor - Gemitzis
Gonder- Flag pole - Kontari
Goril- Gorilla - Gorillas
Gubre - Manure, fertilizer- Kopria
Gugum- Jug - Gumi
Gul - Rose - Yioulia
Guverte- Deck of a ship- Kouverta Haber- News- Haberi
Hali- Carpet, rug - Hali
Halka- Ring - Halkas
Hamam- Turkish bath - Hamami
Hamal- Porter- Hamalis
Hancer- Short sword - Hatzari
Hap- Pill - Hapi
Harita- Map - Hartis
Haram- Waste, sin- Harami
Harem- Harem - Haremi
Harman- Blend - Harmani
Hatir- For somebody's sake, favor- Hatiri
Hava- Air, mood- Havas
Havyar- Caviar- Haviar
Havuz - Cistern, pool- Havuza
Hayvan- Animal, beast- Haivani
Helva- Halva, a desert - Halvas
Hendek- Ditch - Handaki
Hoca - Teacher, priest- Hotzas
Hora - Dance- Horos
Horon- Dance- Horos
Hovarda- Extravagant, womanizer- Houvardas
Huni- Funnel - Honi
Huy - Habit- Houi
Huzur- State of harmony - Houzouri Ibrik- Pot- Briki Ihlamur- Linden Tree- Flamouri
Imam - Muslim priest- Imamis
Imam Bayildi- A dish- Imam Baildi
Irgat- Agricultural worker - Ergatis
Iskelet- Skeleton - Skeletos
Ispanak- Spinach - Spanaki
Iskambil- Playing cards - Skambili
Iskarpin- Shoe - Skarpini
Iskandil- Sounding lead in guns- Skandali
Iskarmoz- Oar support - Skarmos
Iskarta- Defective - Skartos
Iskonto- Discount- Skonto
Ispinoz - Chaffinch - Spinos
Istampa - Stamp - Stampa
Istaka- Billiard cue - Steka
Istakoz - Lobster - Astakos
Istavrit- A fish - Stavritis
Istavroz - Cross - Stavros
Isteri - Hysteria - Ysteria
Istridye- Oyster - Stridi
Izgara- Grill - Skara Kabadayi- Tough guy - Kabadais
Kabuk- Shell (of animals etc.)- Kabouki
Kadayif- Kadaif- Kadaifi
Kalabalik - Mass of people- Kalabaliki
Kalay- Solder ( A metal)- Kalai
Kalayci- Tinker- Kalaitzis
Kalamar- Squid - Kalamari
Kalfa- Assistant- Kalfas
Kaldirim- Sidewalk- Kalderimi
Kalem- Pen, chisel- Kalemi
Kalip - Form- Kaloupi
Kalpak- Fur Cap- Kalpaki
Kalpazan- Counterfeiter, lazy- Kalpouzanos
Kama- Short dagger- Kama
Kambur- Hunchback - Kampouris
Kamci- Whip- Kamtsiki
Kamyon- Truck - Kamioni
Kanal - Chanel, strait- Kanali
Kanepe- Sofa - Kanapes
Kantar- Balance - Kantari
Kapak- Cover--- Kapaki
Kaparo- Deposit- Kaparo
Kaplan- Tiger (Hawk in Greek)- Kaplani
Kaplama- Covering- Kaplamas
Karakol- Police office, police- Karakoli
Karagoz- Black eyed, a shadow figure- Karagoz
Karanfil - Carnation- Karafilli
Karamela- Candy- Karamella
Karavana- Meal in the army- Karavana
Kardes - Brother- Kardasis
Karga - Crow, a bird - Karga
Karides- Shrimp- Garides
Karpuz- Watermelon - Karpuzi
Karyola- Bed ('Nasty'woman in Greek)- Kariola
Karsi- Opposite- Karsi
Karsilama- A dance- Karsilamas
Kasa - Safe, packing case- Kassa
Kasap- Butcher- Hasapis
Kasar- Yellow cheese- Kaseri
Kasket- Cap - Kasketo
Katran - Tar- Katrani
Kavga- Quarrel, fight- Kavgas
Kavurma- A type of meat cooking - Kavourmas
Kayik - Small boat - Kaiki
Kayikci - Seaman - Kaiksis
Kayisi- Apricot - Kaisi
Kaymak- Cream- Kaimaki
Kazma- Pick- Kasmas
Kebap - Kebap- Kebap
Kece- Coarse felt- Ketses
Keci- Goat- Katsika
Kefal- A fish - Kefalos
Kemence- A string instrument- Kementzes
Kelepir- Bargain - Kelepouri
Kerata- Cuckold- Keratas
Kerhane- Brothel- Kiarhanes
Kerevet- Bedstead (bed in G.)- Krevati
Kerpeten- Pliers - Kerpeteni
Kesat - Lack of bussiness- Kesati
Kese - Shallow bowl, purse in T.- Keses
Kestane - Chestnut- Kastano
Keyif- Fun - Kefi
Kiyma - Ground meat - Kimas
Kibar- Kind, gentle- Kibaris
Kiler- Store room- Kelari
Kilise - Church - Ecclisia
Kilim- Carpet - Kilimi
Kilit - Lock, ( key in Greek)- Klidi
Kilot- Underpants- Kulota
Kimyon- Cumin - Kymino
Kiraz - Cherry - Kerasi
Kiremit- Tile - Keramidi
Kitap- Book - Kitapi
Klefte- Thief, theft- Kleftis
Koma - Coma - Koma
Kofte- Meatballs- Keftes
Kokona- Ugly, old woman- Kokona
Kokorec- Stuffed, grilled intestine- Kokoretsi
Kolonya- Eau de Cologne - Kolonia
Konak - Small Palace- Konaki
Konserve- Canned food - Konserva
Kopil- Small boy, rascal- Kopeli(Creten)
Korfez- Bay, gulf - Korfos
Kotra- Small boat- Kotero
Kova - Bucket- Kouvas
Kukla- Puppet, doll - Kukla
Kulanpara- Homosexual - Kolombaras
Kulube- Hut - Kalyva
Kundak- Baby carriage, gun carriage- Kontaki
Kurabiye- Cookie- Kurambies
Kutu- Box - Kouti
Kusur- Fault - Kousouri
Kuzine- Kitchen, stove- Kouzina
Kupeste- Handrail of banisters- Koupasti Lahana- Cabbage- Lahano
Lakerda- Salted, dried fish- Lakerda
Lakirdi- Talk, gossip- Lakirdi
Levrek- Bass, a fish- Lavraki
Leylek- Stork- Leleki
Liman- Harbour- Limani
Limon- Lemon- Lemoni
Lokum- Turkish (Greek) Delight- Lukumi
Lufer- Blue fish- Luferi Macun- Elixir, potion - Mantzuni
Makara- Spool- Makaras
Marangoz- Carpenter- Marangos
Mahmur- Sleepy - Mahmouris
Manastir- Monastery- Monastiri
Manav- Green Grocer- Manavis
Mandalina- Tangerine- Mandarini
Mangal- Grill- Mangali
Manolya- A flower- Manolia
Mantar- Mushroom- Manitari
Manyak- Maniac - Manyakos
Marazi- Morbid, hysterical- Marazi
Marul- Lettuce- Maruli
Mastika- Raki, ouzo- Mastiha
Mavna- Fishing boat- Mavna
Mavro- Negro (slang)- Mavro
Maydanoz- Parsley- Maidanos
Meltem- Summer wind- Meltemi
Menekse- Violet- Menekses
Mengene- Press, screw jack clamp- Mengeni
Mersin- Myrtle- Myrsini
Metazori- By force, by threat Me to zori
Metelik- Small money- Metaliki
Meydan- Square- Meidani
Meze- Snack- Mezes
Midye- Mussel- Mydi
Mikrop- Microbe- Mikrobio
Misafir- Guest- Musafiris
Musakka- A dish- Musakas
Musmula- A fruit- Mousmoula
Muze- Museum- Mousio Narenciye- Orange like fruits- Nerantzi
Nargile- Tobacco pipe- Nargiles
Naz- Reluctance- Nazi Oglan- Boy (Bad boy in G.)- Ts-oglani
Okka- Measure of weight- Oka
Okyanus- Ocean - Okeanos
Orfoz- A fish- Rofos
Orman- Forest- Roumani Pabuc- Shoe - Papoutsi
Paca- A soup - Patsas
Pacoz- Ugly, dirty - Patsoura
Palamar- Rope for the boat- Palamari
Palamut- A fish- Palamuti
Pantalon- Trousers- Panteloni
Para- Money- Paras
Parali- Rich- Paralis
Paskalya- Easter- Pashalia
Pasta- Cake, pleat- Pasta
Pastirma- Dried meat- Pastourmas
Patates- Potatoes - Patates
Patlican- Eggplant- Patlatzani
Patirdi- Noise- Patirdi
Pazar- Market- Pazari
Panayir- Fair - Panigyri
Papara - A dish - Papara
Papaz- Priest- Papas
Parazit- Parasite- Parasito
Pavurya- Edible crab, spider crab- Kavouria
Perde- Curtain- Berdes
Pezevenk- Pimp - Pezevengis
Pide- Pita - Pita
Pilav- Rice- Pilafi
Pilaki- Beans with onion and oil- Fasolia plaki
Pirasa- Leek- Praso
Pirzola- Steak- Brizola
Piskopos- Orthodox bishop- Episkopos
Portakal- Oranges- Portokali
Rahat- Rest, relaxation- Rahati
Raki- Raki, ouzo- Raki
Recina- Resin- Retsini
Revani- A dessert- Revani
Rezil - Ridiculed, embaressment- Rezili Sabun- Soap- Sapuni
Sahan- Small frying pan- Sagani
Sakat- Cripple- Sakatis
Salep- A hot drink- Salepi
Salya- Saliva- Salia
Salyangoz- Snail- Saliangos
Sandal- Open shoe- Sandali
Sardalya- Sardines- Sardela
Sarik- Turban- Sariki
Sarraf- Money and gold changer- Sarafis
Saz- A string instrument- Sazi
Sazan- A fish- Sazani
Semer- Saddle- Samari
Sersem- Fool- Sersemis
Soba- Stove for room heating- Soba
Sokak- Street- Sokaki
Soy- Relatives, ancestors- Soi
Simit- Ring shaped bread roll- Simiti
Siftah- First sale of the day- Seftes
Sevda- Love, sorrow- Sevdas
Siva- Construction bond- Sovas
Siktir- Get out of here!- Sihtiri
Sinik- Measure of cereals- Sniki
Somya- Bedstead (metal)- Somies
Sunger- Sponge- Sfungari
Sucuk- Sausages- Soutzouki
Sultan- Sultan- Soultan
Sumbul- Hyacinth- Zoumbouli
Susam- Sesame- Sousami
Supya- Cuttlefish- Soupia
Salvar- Loose trousers- Salvari
Samar- Slap in the face- Siamara
Samata- Noise - Samatas
Sapsal- Stupid- Sapsalis
Serbet- Sherbet- Serbeti
Serit- Stripe, chevron- Siriti
Seyran- Walk, stroll- Seriani Takim- Set, shift of workmen- Takimi
Takoz- Wedge- Takos
Takunya- Heel of shoe, wooden shoe- Takouni
Tambur- An instrument- Tambouras
Tamah- Greed- Tamahi
Tapa- Cork, stopper- Tapa
Taraca- Terrace- Taratsa
Tarama- A seafood appetizer- Taramas
Tarhana- A soup- Trahanas
Tavan- Ceiling- Tavani
Tavla- Backgammon- Tavli
Tel- Chord, string- Teli
Temel- Foundation- Themelio
Tembel- Lazy- Tembelis
Tencere - Cooking pot- Tentzeris
Teneke- Tin- Tenekes
Tepe- Hill- Tepes
Tepsi- Baking tin- Tapsi
Tersane- Shipyard- Tarsanas
Tertip- Trick- Tertipi
Torba- Sack, bag - Ntorvas
Tombeki- Tobacco pipe- Toumbeki
Top- Ball- Topi
Turlu- A dish of mixed vegetables- Tourlou
Tursu- Pickle- Toursi
Tugla- Brick- Touvlo
Tulumba- Pump, a dessert- Touloumba
Tufek- Gun- Toufeki Uskumru- A fish- Skumbri Vaftiz- To baptise- Vaftisi
Varil- Barrel, cask- Vareli
Vernik- Varnish- Verniki
Veresiye- On credit - Verese Yahni- Sort of ragout, a dish- Yahni
Yaka- Collar- Yakas
Yali- Shore, beach - Yalos
Yapi- Construction- Yapi
Yasemin- Jasmine- Yasemi
Yelek- Waist coat- Yeleki Zar- Die, dice - Zari
Zarif- Elegant- Zarifis
Zargana- Needlefish- Zargana
Zembil- Flat straw basket- Zembili
Zevzek- Silly, superficial- Zeuzekis
Zeybek- A dance- Zeibekikos
Zifiri- Darkness- Zoferos
Zor- Force, trouble, difficulty- Zori
Zurna- A wind instrument- Zurnas
Zuluf- Lock of hair- Tsouloufi
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